本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43624670/article/details/93917747

struts介绍

一、struts是一个实现了MVC模式的Web框架，实际上是一个强大的Servlet 负责处理请求转发和路由
二、struts的基本配置文件是struts-config.xml,通常会在配置文件里面配置多个Action、ActionForm和中转规则，struts-config.xml是通过在web.xml中配置的ActionServlet进行加载的
三、用户访问的服务器的时候，ActionServlet接受请求，在struts.xml 中找到相应的Action 同时配置相应的ActionForm，实例化ActionForm并对属性进行赋值，当作参数交给Action进行业务处理，返回ActionMapping

struts环境搭建

struts的配置是在maven的环境全部配置好的前提下，在maven项目中的pom.xml加入我们struts的依赖，加载jar包

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
			<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
			<version>2.5.13</version>
		</dependency>

然后再导入我们struts的配置文件，struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
	<include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
	<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>

struts-sy.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<!-- /user/bookAction?methodName=list
		/sy/bookAction?methodName=list
	 -->
	<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
		<action name="/demo_*" class="com.wangshaoyang.web.HelloAction" method="{1}">
			<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
		</action>
	</package>
</struts>

struts-base.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
	"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
	"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
	<constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
	<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.i18n.reload" value="true" />
	<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />

	<package name="base" extends="struts-default" abstract="true">
		<global-allowed-methods>regex:.*</global-allowed-methods>
	</package>
</struts>

在web.xml中配置好

<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <filter>
		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>
	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
</web-app>

struts动态调用方法

先写好的我们的控制器，HelloAction ,在里面写两个测试方法

public class DemoAction implements ModelDriven<Cal>,ServletRequestAware {
	public String add() {
		System.out.println("调用add方法");
		return "rs";
	}	
	public String del() {
		System.out.println("调用del方法");
		return "rs";
	}
}

写一个jsp页面测试一下，是否能够调用

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
    pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h3>动态方法调用</h3>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_add.action">新增</a>
	<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_del.action">删除</a>
</body>
</html>

结果每次点击控制台都打印了相对应的方法，所有说是成功了
在这里插入图片描述

struts前台和后台参数的传递

jsp参数传递到后台有三种方式
```
	1、implements modelDrivern（通过实现接口来接收数据）
	2、set/get（直接通过实体类的方法获取）
	3、类实例.属性名（直接写类的属性名）
	```

我们首先准备一个实体类Cal，好存放我们的参数

package com.wangshaoyang.entity;

public class Cal {
	 private String num1;
	 private String num2;
	public String getNum1() {
		return num1;
	}
	public void setNum1(String num1) {
		this.num1 = num1;
	}
	public String getNum2() {
		return num2;
	}
	public void setNum2(String num2) {
		this.num2 = num2;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Cal [num1=" + num1 + ", num2=" + num2 + "]";
	}
}

demo.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>后台接收jsp传递参数的三种方式</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_accept1.action?num1=20&&num2=5">accept1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_accept2.action?cal2.num1=20&&cal2.num2=5">accept2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/demo_accept3.action?sex=nv">accept3</a>
</body>
</html>

后台传值到jsp界面
一是注入的，直接实现ServletRequestAware接口，通过req存放
二是非注入的，在方法中通过ServletActionContext.getRequest()，实例req来存放

package com.wangshaoyang.web;

import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.wangshaoyang.entity.Cal;

public class DemoAction implements ModelDriven<Cal>,ServletRequestAware {
//	注入耦合
	private HttpServletRequest req;
	private Cal cal1=new Cal();
	private Cal cal2;
	private String sex;
	public Cal getCal2() {
		return cal2;
	}
	public void setCal2(Cal cal2) {
		this.cal2 = cal2;
	}
	public String getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(String sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	/**
	 * implements ModelDriven
	 * @return
	 */
	public String accept1() {
		System.out.println("cal1："+cal1);
//		req.setAttribute("cal1",cal1);
//		非注入耦合
		HttpServletRequest req=ServletActionContext.getRequest();
		req.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
//		非注入解耦
//		ActionContex context=ActionContext.getContext();
//		context.get("xxxxxxx");
		return "rs";
	}
	/**
	 * 类实例.属性名   接受参数值
	 * @return
	 */
	public String accept2() {
		System.out.println("cal2："+cal2);
		return "rs";
	}
	/**
	 * set/get	接受参赛者
	 * @return
	 */
	public String accept3() {
		System.out.println(sex);
		return "rs";
	}
	public String add() {
		System.out.println("调用add方法.......");
		return "rs";
	}
	public String del() {
		System.out.println("调用del方法.......");
		return "rs";
	}
	@Override
	public Cal getModel() {
		return cal1;
	}
@Override
	public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest req) {
		this.req=req;
		req.setAttribute("cal1", cal1);
	}
}

最后在jsp页面测试,rs.jsp：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
结果页：${sex }
<br/>
${cal1 }
${cal2 }
</body>
</html>

我们就可以得到
在这里插入图片描述
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