8.多对一

一、数据库设计

create table `teacher`(
 `id` int(10) not null,
 `name` varchar(30) default null,
 primary key(`id`)
)engine=innodb default charset=utf8

insert into teacher(`id`,`name`)values(1,`关老师`);

create table `student`(
    `id` int(10) not null,
    `name` varchar(30) default null,
    `tid` int(10) default null,
    primary key(`id`),
    key `kftid`(`tid`),
    constraint `fktid` foreign key(`tid`)references `teacher`(`id`)
)engine=innodb default charset=utf8

insert into `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`)values(`1`,`xiaoguan`,`1`);
insert into `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`)values(`2`,`xiaoliu`,`1`);
insert into `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`)values(`3`,`xiaodeng`,`1`);
insert into `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`)values(`4`,`xiaoyue`,`1`);
insert into `student`(`id`,`name`,`tid`)values(`5`,`xiaoqi`,`1`);

二、搭建测试环境

1.IDEA安装lombok插件

2.引入Maven依赖

<dependency>
 <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
 <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
 <version>1.16.10</version>
</dependency>

3.在代码中增加注解

@Data //GET,SET,ToString，有参，无参构造
public class Teacher {
   private int id;
   private String name;
}

@Data
public class Student {
   private int id;
   private String name;
   //多个学生可以是同一个老师，即多对一
   private Teacher teacher;
}

4.编写实体类对应的Mapper接口

public interface StudentMapper {
}

public interface TeacherMapper {
}

5.编写Mapper接口对应的mapper.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.mapper.StudentMapper">

</mapper>


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.mapper.TeacherMapper">

</mapper>

三、按查询嵌套处理

1.给StudentMapper接口增加方法

//获取所有学生对应老师的信息
public List<Student>getStudent()

2.编写对应的Mapper文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
       PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
       "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.mapper.StudentMapper">
    
    <!--
需求：获取所有学生对应老师的信息
思路：
	1.获取所有学生的信息
	2.根据获取的学生信息的老师ID->获取该老师的信息
步骤：
	1.做一个结果集映射：StudentTeacher
	2.StudentTeacher结果集的类型为Student
	3.学生中老师的属性为teacher，对应数据库中为tid。
	4.association 一个复杂类型的关联；使用它来处理关联查询

-->
    
    <select id="getStudent" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
    	select *from student
    </select>
    
    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
        <!--association：关联属性 property：属性名 javaType：属性类型 column：在多的一方的表中的列名-->
    	<association property="teacher" column="tid" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
    </resultMap>
    
    <!--
	这里传递过来的id，只有一个属性的时候，下面可以写任何值
	association中column多参数配置：
		column="{key=values,key=value}"
		其实就是键值对的形式，可以是传给下个sql的取值名称，value是片段一中sql查询的字段名
-->
    <select id="getTeacher" resultType="teacher">
    	select *from teacher where id=#{id}
    </select>
    
</mapper>

3.在mybatis配置文件中，注册Mapper

4.注意点说明

<resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="Student">
   <!--association关联属性 property属性名 javaType属性类型 column在多的一方的表中的列名-->
   <association property="teacher"  column="{id=tid,name=tid}" javaType="Teacher" select="getTeacher"/>
</resultMap>
<!--
这里传递过来的id，只有一个属性的时候，下面可以写任何值
association中column多参数配置：
   column="{key=value,key=value}"
   其实就是键值对的形式，key是传给下个sql的取值名称，value是片段一中sql查询的字段名。
-->
<select id="getTeacher" resultType="teacher">
  select * from teacher where id = #{id} and name = #{name}
</select>

5.测试

@Test
public void testGetStudents(){
   SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
   StudentMapper mapper = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);

   List<Student> students = mapper.getStudents();

   for (Student student : students){
       System.out.println(
               "学生名:"+ student.getName()
                       +"\t老师:"+student.getTeacher().getName());
  }
}

四、按结果嵌套处理

1.接口方法编写

public List<Student>getStudents2();

2.编写对应的mapper文件

<!--
-->
<select id="getStudents2" resultMap="StudentTeacher2">
	select s.id sid,s.name sname ,t.name tname
    from student s,teacher t
    where s.tid = t.id
</select>

<resultMap id="StudentTeacher2" type="Student">
	<id property="id" column="sid"/>
    <result property="name" column="sname"/>
    <!--关联对象property关联对象在Student实体类中的属性-->
    <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
    	<result property="name" column="tname"/>
    </association>
</resultMap>

3.在mybatis配置文件中，注册Mapper

4.测试

@Test
public void testGetStudents2(){
   SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
   StudentMapper mapper = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);

   List<Student> students = mapper.getStudents2();

   for (Student student : students){
       System.out.println(
               "学生名:"+ student.getName()
                       +"\t老师:"+student.getTeacher().getName());
  }
}