1.6反射

1.6反射

1.概念

反射就是在运行状态下，对于任意一个类都能够获取到它的所有属性和方法，对于任意一个对象都能够调用它的所有属性和方法。反射其实就是将一个类中的信息映射成一个个java对象

2.原理图

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3.API

(1)Class对象

package learn01;

/**
 * @author zhangshiqin
 * @date 2022/1/17 - 9:12
 * @description 获取Class对象的三种方式
 */
public class Reflection {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException {
        //1.类名.class
        Class<Reflection> Clazz = Reflection.class;
        //2.对象.getClass()
        Reflection reflection = new Reflection();
        Class<? extends Reflection> reflectionClass = reflection.getClass();
        //3.Class.forName("全类名")
        Class<?> forNameClazz = Class.forName("learn01.Reflection");
    }
}

(2)Constructor对象

public class Reflection {

    private String field;

    public Reflection(){}


    public Reflection(String field) {
        this.field = field;
    }

    private Reflection(String... args){
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args)
        throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException
        , IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException {
        
		Class<Reflection> Clazz = Reflection.class;
        
        //2.1根据参数列表获取public构造器
        Constructor<Reflection> constructor = Clazz.getConstructor();
        //2.2根据参数列表获取构造器
        Constructor<Reflection> declaredConstructor = Clazz.getDeclaredConstructor(String.class);
        //2.3使用构造器new对象
        Reflection instance = constructor.newInstance();
    }
}

(3)Method对象

package learn01;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * @author zhangshiqin
 * @date 2022/1/17 - 9:12
 */
public class Reflection {

    public void method(){}

    public void method(String args){}

    private void method(Integer args){}

    public static void main(String[] args)
            throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException
            , IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException {
        Class<Reflection> Clazz = Reflection.class;

        //3.1获取所有方法
        Method[] methods = Clazz.getMethods();
        Method[] declaredMethods = Clazz.getDeclaredMethods();
        //3.2根据方法名和参数列表获取方法，如果是空参数列表的方法，那么参数列表可以传null或者不传
        Method method = Clazz.getMethod("method", String.class);
        Method declaredMethod = Clazz.getDeclaredMethod("method", Integer.class);
    }
}

(4)Field对象

package learn01;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

/**
 * @author zhangshiqin
 * @date 2022/1/17 - 9:12
 */
public class Reflection {

    private String field;

    public static void main(String[] args)
            throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException
            , IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, NoSuchFieldException {

        Class<Reflection> Clazz = Reflection.class;

        //4.1获取所有属性
        Field[] fields = Clazz.getFields();
        Field[] declaredFields = Clazz.getDeclaredFields();
        //4.2根据属性名获取属性对象
        Field field = Clazz.getField("field");//报错，因为这只能拿public
        Field declaredField = Clazz.getDeclaredField("field");
        
        //4.3设置值
        Reflection r = new Reflection();
        declaredField.set(r,'abc');
        //4.4获取值
        String value = declaredField.get(r);
    }
}

eflection r = new Reflection();
declaredField.set(r,‘abc’);
//4.4获取值
String value = declaredField.get®;
}
}