本示例是基于tomcat8.5+idea,并且创建了maven项目项目结构如下:
1 效果图示
本项目中,tomcat开启的是8080端口,并且配有统一的路劲前缀xtc,hello是HelloWorldServlet的映射路径
2 操作
2.1 导入maven依赖
Servlet需要两个jar包:
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</dependency>
2.2 helloworld示例代码
启动tomcat,访问http://localhost:8080/examples/,点击Servlet Example
package com.xtc.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
public class HelloWorldServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println("<html>");
out.println("<head>");
out.println("<title>Hello World!</title>");
out.println("</head>");
out.println("<body>");
out.println("<h1>Hello World!</h1>");
out.println("</body>");
out.println("</html>");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(req,resp);
}
}
2.3 配置servlet
注意,第7行的version值应该与tomcat中的webapps/ROOT/WEB-INF/web.xml中的值一致
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1"
metadata-complete="true">
<servlet>
<!-- 声明Servlet对象 -->
<servlet-name>HelloWorldServlet</servlet-name>
<!-- 上面一句指定Servlet对象的名称 -->
<servlet-class>com.xtc.servlet.HelloWorldServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 上面一句指定Servlet对象的完整位置,包含包名和类名 -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<!-- 映射Servlet -->
<servlet-name>HelloWorldServlet</servlet-name>
<!--<servlet-name>与上面<Servlet>标签的<servlet-name>元素相对应,不可以随便起名 -->
<url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
<!-- 上面一句话用于映射访问URL -->
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>