CentOS8 DHCP服务

DHCP服务

preparation:关闭vmware虚拟机的【使用本地DHCP服务将IP地址分配给虚拟机】
选项位置:编辑–>首选网络编辑器–>点击vmnet8网卡

Server端配置

[root@centos8 ~]#dnf install -y dhcp-server -y

注意:安装完不能直接启动,要写好配置文件再启动
安装完直接启动报错如下
没有声明子网

No subnet declaration for ens33 (10.0.0.5).
Aug 28 15:12:57 centos8 dhcpd[2901]: ** Ignoring requests on ens33.  If this is not what
Aug 28 15:12:57 centos8 dhcpd[2901]:   you want, please write a subnet declaration
Aug 28 15:12:57 centos8 dhcpd[2901]:   in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment
Aug 28 15:12:57 centos8 dhcpd[2901]:   to which interface ens33 is attached. **
Aug 28 15:12:57 centos8 dhcpd[2901]:
Aug 28 15:12:57 centos8 dhcpd[2901]:
Aug 28 15:12:57 centos8 dhcpd[2901]: Not configured to listen on any interfaces!

配置文件

[root@centos8 ~]#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

option domain-name "magedu.org";
option domain-name-servers 223.5.5.5, 114.114.114.114;

default-lease-time 86400;
max-lease-time 106400;

subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
  range 10.0.0.190 10.0.0.200;
  option routers 10.0.0.2;
}

启动

[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl start dhcpd
[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl status dhcpd
● dhcpd.service - DHCPv4 Server Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sat 2021-08-28 15:20:57 CST; 6min ago
     Docs: man:dhcpd(8)
           man:dhcpd.conf(5)
 Main PID: 2931 (dhcpd)
   Status: "Dispatching packets..."
    Tasks: 1 (limit: 12117)
   Memory: 5.3M
   CGroup: /system.slice/dhcpd.service
           └─2931 /usr/sbin/dhcpd -f -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf -user dhcpd -group dhcpd --no-pid

Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org dhcpd[2931]: Source compiled to use binary-leases
Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org dhcpd[2931]: Wrote 0 class decls to leases file.
Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org dhcpd[2931]: Wrote 0 deleted host decls to leases file.
Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org dhcpd[2931]: Wrote 0 new dynamic host decls to leases file.
Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org dhcpd[2931]: Wrote 0 leases to leases file.
Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org dhcpd[2931]: Listening on LPF/ens33/00:0c:29:f6:1b:96/10.0.0.0/24
Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org dhcpd[2931]: Sending on   LPF/ens33/00:0c:29:f6:1b:96/10.0.0.0/24
Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org dhcpd[2931]: Sending on   Socket/fallback/fallback-net
Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org dhcpd[2931]: Server starting service.
Aug 28 15:20:57 centos8.magedu.org systemd[1]: Started DHCPv4 Server Daemon.

分配绑定地址

[root@centos8 ~]#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

host passip {
    hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:ef:11:53;
    fixed-address 10.0.0.20;
}


[root@centos8 ~]#systemctl restart dhcpd

Client端测试

[root@centos8 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:d4:08:f4 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.190/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global dynamic noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft 86324sec preferred_lft 86324sec
    inet6 fe80::94e4:805c:bde9:51eb/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

服务端查看地址分配记录

[root@centos8 ~]#tail -f /var/lib/dhcpd/dhcpd.leases
# The format of this file is documented in the dhcpd.leases(5) manual page.
# This lease file was written by isc-dhcp-4.3.6

# authoring-byte-order entry is generated, DO NOT DELETE
authoring-byte-order little-endian;

server-duid "\000\001\000\001(\274\240Y\000\014)\366\033\226";

lease 10.0.0.190 {
  starts 6 2021/08/28 07:32:52;
  ends 0 2021/08/29 07:32:52;
  cltt 6 2021/08/28 07:32:52;
  binding state active;
  next binding state free;
  rewind binding state free;
  hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:d4:08:f4;
  uid "\001\000\014)\324\010\364";
  client-hostname "centos8";
}
lease 10.0.0.191 {
  starts 6 2021/08/28 07:46:27;
  ends 0 2021/08/29 07:46:27;
  cltt 6 2021/08/28 07:46:27;
  binding state active;
  next binding state free;
  rewind binding state free;
  hardware ethernet 00:0c:29:ef:11:53;
  client-hostname "centos7";
}

注意:此处显示的时间为UTC时间,不是当地时间UTC+8才是当地时间
查看端口

[root@centos8 network-scripts]# ss -ntu
Netid          State          Recv-Q          Send-Q                     Local Address:Port                    Peer Address:Port           Process
udp            ESTAB          0               0                        10.0.0.190%eth0:68                          10.0.0.5:67

CentOS7中已经有地址重新获取地址并显示详细过程

[root@centos7 ~]#dhclient -d
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.5
Copyright 2004-2013 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/

Listening on LPF/veth82e8c76/ba:05:f3:38:4b:22
Sending on   LPF/veth82e8c76/ba:05:f3:38:4b:22
Listening on LPF/docker0/02:42:a6:6b:d0:00
Sending on   LPF/docker0/02:42:a6:6b:d0:00
Listening on LPF/eno16777728/00:0c:29:ef:11:53
Sending on   LPF/eno16777728/00:0c:29:ef:11:53
Sending on   Socket/fallback
DHCPDISCOVER on veth82e8c76 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 7 (xid=0x3b2d6a9a)
DHCPDISCOVER on docker0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 5 (xid=0x60b565a3)
DHCPDISCOVER on eno16777728 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 5 (xid=0x4cc0cfc1)
DHCPDISCOVER on docker0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 6 (xid=0x60b565a3)
DHCPDISCOVER on eno16777728 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 14 (xid=0x4cc0cfc1)
DHCPREQUEST on eno16777728 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x4cc0cfc1)
DHCPOFFER from 10.0.0.5
DHCPACK from 10.0.0.5 (xid=0x4cc0cfc1)
bound to 10.0.0.192 -- renewal in 38750 seconds.

#查看IP地址
[root@centos7 ~]#ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777728: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:ef:11:53 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.191/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eno16777728
       valid_lft 86232sec preferred_lft 86232sec
    inet 10.0.0.192/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global secondary dynamic eno16777728
       valid_lft 86344sec preferred_lft 86344sec
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feef:1153/64 scope link noprefixroute
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever


DHCP Client/Server 交互 说明:

  1. DHCPDISCOVER:客户端寻找发现DHCP信息
  2. DHCPOFFER:DHCP 服务器对客户机提供信息
  3. DHCPREQUEST:客户机接受 DHCP 服务器提供的信息
  4. DHCPACK:DHCP 服务器应答客户机并租赁 IP 地址
评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值