Spring-事务管理(一)——动态代理实现

一、概述

模拟银行转钱的案例,
在service中执行代码逻辑中是

  1. 根据名称查询转出账户
  2. 根据名称查询转入账户
  3. 转出账户减钱
  4. 转入账户加钱
  5. 更新转出账户
  6. 更新转入账户

当上述步骤中任何一步发生错误时,应该发生事务回滚的操作。

下面采用动态代理+纯注解方式实现事务的管理

案例文件架构
在这里插入图片描述

二、案例的代码实现

导入的依赖

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.48</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
            <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
            <version>3.26.0-GA</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cglib</groupId>
            <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

实体类

public class Account implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Float money;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Float getMoney() {
        return money;
    }

    public void setMoney(Float money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Account{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", money=" + money +
                '}';
    }

第一步:首先配置类,代替了xml

SpringConfiguration

/**
 * 用来替代bean.xml
 */
@Configuration //表明这是一个配置类
@ComponentScan("com.itheima") //告诉spring要扫描包
@Import(Jdbcconfig.class) //引入连接数据库的配置类
@PropertySource("classpath:jdbcConfig.properties") //jdbc的相关属性设置
public class SpringConfiguration {}

Jdbcconfig

public class Jdbcconfig {
	//将properties文件中的信息读取出来,配置文件中等号左边是什么,注解中就使用什么
    @Value("${jdbc.driver}")
    private String driver;
    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    private String url;
    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String password;

    //自动提交事务时
    @Bean(name="runner")
    @Scope("prototype")
    public QueryRunner createQueryRunner(){
        return new QueryRunner();
    }
    //地址池
    @Bean(name="dataSource")
    public DataSource createDataSource(){
        try {
            ComboPooledDataSource ds = new ComboPooledDataSource();
            ds.setDriverClass(driver);
            ds.setJdbcUrl(url);
            ds.setUser(username);
            ds.setPassword(password);
            return  ds;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

jdbcConfig.properties在resources中
需要自己设置用户名和密码

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/******
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=****

第二步:工具类

从地址池获取连接绑定线程,还有事务管理工具类包含开始事务,提交事务,回滚事务,释放连接

ConnectionUtils

@Component("connectionUtils")
public class ConnectionUtils {
    private ThreadLocal<Connection> tl = new ThreadLocal<Connection>();
    @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;
    /**
     * 获取当前线程上的连接
     */
    public Connection getTreadConnection(){

        try{
            //1.先从ThreadLocal上获取
            Connection conn = tl.get();
            //2.判断当前线程上是否有连接
            if(conn == null){
                //3.从数据园中获取一个连接,并且存入ThreadLocal中
                conn = dataSource.getConnection();
                tl.set(conn);
            }
            //4.返回当前线程上的连接
            return conn;
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
    /**
     * 把链接和线程解绑
     */
    public void removeConnection(){
        tl.remove();
    }
}

TransactionManager

@Component("txManager")
public class TransactionManager {
    @Autowired
    private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
    /**
     * 开始事务
     */
    public void beginTransaction(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getTreadConnection().setAutoCommit(false);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 提交事务
     */
   public void commit(){
       try {
           connectionUtils.getTreadConnection().commit();
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }

    }
    /**
     * 回滚事务
     */
    public void rollback(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getTreadConnection().rollback();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 关闭连接
     */
    public void release(){
        try {
            connectionUtils.getTreadConnection().close();
            connectionUtils.removeConnection();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

第三步: 持久层(dao层)

AccountImpl接口

/**
 * 账户持久层接口
 */
public interface IAccountDao {
    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();
    /**
     *查询一个
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer id);
    /**
     * 保存
     */
    void saveAccount(Account account);
    /**
     * 更新
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);
    /**
     * 删除
     */
    void deleteAccount(Integer id);
    /**
     * 根据姓名查找
     */
    Account findAccountByName(String name);
}

AccountImpl 实现类

/**
 * 账户持久层实现类
 */
@Repository("accountDao")
public class AccountImpl implements IAccountDao {
    @Autowired
    private QueryRunner runner;
    @Autowired
    private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;

    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        try {
           return runner.query(connectionUtils.getTreadConnection(),"select * from account", new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class));
        } catch (Exception e) {
           throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public Account findAccountById(Integer id) {
        try {
          return  runner.query(connectionUtils.getTreadConnection(),"select * from account where id =?", new BeanHandler<Account>(Account.class),id);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        try {
          runner.update(connectionUtils.getTreadConnection(),"insert into account(name,money) values(?,?)",account.getName(),account.getMoney());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        try {
            runner.update(connectionUtils.getTreadConnection(),"update account set name=?,money=? where id=?",account.getName(),account.getMoney(),account.getId());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public void deleteAccount(Integer id) {
        try {
            runner.update(connectionUtils.getTreadConnection(),"delete from account where id= ?",id);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public Account findAccountByName(String name) {
        try {
            List<Account> accounts = runner.query(connectionUtils.getTreadConnection(),"select * from account where name = ?", new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class), name);
            if(accounts == null || accounts.size() == 0){
                return null;
            }
            if(accounts.size()>1){
                throw new RuntimeException("结果不唯一,数据有问题");
            }
            return accounts.get(0);
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}

第四步:servcie层

AccountServiceImpl接口

public interface IAccountService{
    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    List<Account> findAllAccount();
    /**
     *查询一个
     */
    Account findAccountById(Integer id);
    Account findAccountByName(String name);
    /**
     * 保存
     */
    void saveAccount(Account account);
    /**
     * 更新
     */
    void updateAccount(Account account);
    /**
     * 删除
     */
    void deleteAccount(Integer id);
    /**
     * 转账,转出,转入,金额
     */
    void transfer(String sourceName,String targetName,Float money);

}

AccountServiceImpl实现类

@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements IAccountService {
    @Autowired
    private IAccountDao accountDao;

    public List<Account> findAllAccount() {
        return accountDao.findAllAccount();
    }

    public Account findAccountById(Integer id) {
        return  accountDao.findAccountById(id);
    }
    public Account findAccountByName(String name) {
         return accountDao.findAccountByName(name);
    }

    public void saveAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.saveAccount(account);
    }

    public void updateAccount(Account account) {
        accountDao.updateAccount(account);
    }

    public void deleteAccount(Integer id) {
        accountDao.deleteAccount(id);
    }

    public void transfer(String sourceName, String targetName, Float money) {
        System.out.println("transfer....");
        //2.1根据名称查询转出账户
        Account source = accountDao.findAccountByName(sourceName);
        //2.2根据名称查询转入账户
        Account target = accountDao.findAccountByName(targetName);
        //2.3转出账户减钱
        source.setMoney(source.getMoney()-money);
        //2.4转入账户加钱
        target.setMoney(target.getMoney()+money);
        //2.5更新转出账户
        accountDao.updateAccount(source);
        int i = 1/0; //模拟异常
        //2.6更新转入账户
        accountDao.updateAccount(target);
    }
}

第五步:编写代理类 (非常重要)

Beanfactory

/**
 * 用于创建Service的代理对象的工厂
 */
@Component("beanFactory")
public class Beanfactory {
   @Autowired
    private IAccountService accountService;
   @Autowired
    private TransactionManager txManager;
    /**
     * 获取Service代理对象
     * @return
     */
    @Bean("proxyAccountService")
    public IAccountService getAccountService() {
        return (IAccountService)Proxy.newProxyInstance(accountService.getClass().getClassLoader(),
                accountService.getClass().getInterfaces(),
                new InvocationHandler() {
                    /**
                     * 添加事务的支持
                     *
                     * @param proxy
                     * @param method
                     * @param args
                     * @return
                     * @throws Throwable
                     */
                    public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {

                        if("test".equals(method.getName())){
                            return method.invoke(accountService,args);
                        }

                        Object rtValue = null;
                        try {
                            //1.开启事务
                            txManager.beginTransaction();
                            //2.执行操作
                            rtValue = method.invoke(accountService, args);
                            //3.提交事务
                            txManager.commit();
                            //4.返回结果
                            return rtValue;
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            //5.回滚操作
                            txManager.rollback();
                            throw new RuntimeException(e);
                        } finally {
                            //6.释放连接
                            txManager.release();
                        }
                    }
                });
    }
}

最后编写测试类

AccountServiceTest

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfiguration.class)
public class AccountServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    @Qualifier("proxyAccountService") //使用Service的代理对象的工厂
    private IAccountService as;
    @Test
    public void testfindAll() {
        List<Account> accounts = as.findAllAccount();
        for (Account account:accounts){
            System.out.println(account);
        }
    }
    @Test
    public void testFindOne() {
        Account account = as.findAccountById(1);
            System.out.println(account);
    }
    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        Account account = new Account();
        account.setMoney(1200f);
        account.setName("test");
        as.saveAccount(account);

    }
    @Test
    public void testUpdate() {
        Account account = as.findAccountById(5);
        account.setMoney(5632f);
        as.updateAccount(account);

    }
    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        as.deleteAccount(4);
    }
    @Test
    public void findAccountByName(){
        Account account = as.findAccountByName("aaa");
        System.out.println(account);
    }
    @Test
    public void testTransfer(){
        as.transfer("bbb","aaa",20f);
    }
}

结果:

在这里插入图片描述
因为在service的转账逻辑中设置一个异常 int i=1/0;所以转账不能成功
在这里插入图片描述去掉设置int i=1/0; 后 成功
在这里插入图片描述

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