大数据入门介绍一

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-08 10:19:26 发布

墨卿风竹

最新推荐文章于 2022-08-08 10:19:26 发布

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文章标签：大数据入门介绍一

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43688472/article/details/87682941

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Hadoop:
广义: 以apache hadoop软件为主的生态圈(hive zookeeper spark hbase)
狭义: apache hadoop软件

hadoop.apache.org
hive.apache.org
spark.apache.org

hadoop软件:
1.x 企业不用
2.x 主流
3.x 没有企业敢用
a.采坑
b.很多公司都是CDH5.x部署大数据环境 (www.cloudera.com)
2.6.0-cdh5.7.0 =? apache hadoop2.6.0

hadoop软件:
hdfs：存储分布式文件系统
mapreduce：计算 job1 job2 编码 java but 企业不用(开发难度高代码量大计算慢)
yarn：资源（CPU memory）和作业调度

上课: 2.6.0-cdh5.7.0
2.6.0-cdh5.14.0

apache hadoop： hadoop.apache.org
cdh hadoop: http://archive.cloudera.com/cdh5/cdh/5/

wget http://archive.cloudera.com/cdh5/cdh/5/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0.tar.gz
rz命令上传

学习: 伪分布式 1台

Ubuntu Linux:
$ sudo apt-get install ssh
$ sudo apt-get install rsync

CentOS：
yum

linux root用户
mysql mysqladmin用户
hadoop hadoop用户

1.创建用户和上传hadoop软件

useradd hadoop
su - hadoop
[hadoop@hadoop002 ~]$ mkdir app
[hadoop@hadoop002 ~]$ cd app/

[hadoop@hadoop002 ~]$ wget http://archive.cloudera.com/cdh5/cdh/5/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0.tar.gz
或
[hadoop@hadoop002 ~]$ rz 上传

2.部署jdk

CDH环境:
mkdir /usr/java   jdk部署  这里面目录就确定了，固定的
mkdir /usr/share/java   部署CDH需要mysql jdbc jar包   

rz上传 jdk-8u45-linux-x64.gz

解压
[root@hadoop002 java]# tar -xzvf jdk-8u45-linux-x64.gz
[root@hadoop002 java]# ll
解压之后，一定要ll看一下，你的用户和用户组是否发生变化，
total 319156
drwxr-xr-x 8 uucp  143      4096 Apr 11  2015 jdk1.8.0_45
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 153530841 Jul  8  2015 jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 173271626 Sep 19 11:49 jdk-8u45-linux-x64.gz

权限修正
[root@hadoop002 java]# chown -R root:root jdk1.8.0_45
[root@hadoop002 java]# ll
total 319156
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root      4096 Apr 11  2015 jdk1.8.0_45
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 153530841 Jul  8  2015 jdk-7u80-linux-x64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 173271626 Sep 19 11:49 jdk-8u45-linux-x64.gz
[root@hadoop002 java]# vi /etc/profile

#env
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45
export JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JER_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JER_HOME/bin:$PATH


[root@hadoop002 java]# source /etc/profile
[root@hadoop002 java]# which java
/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_45/bin/java
[root@hadoop002 java]# 
[root@hadoop002 java]#


解释器 /bin/bash
/sbin/nologin

CDH:

组件用户
hdfs hdfs
yarn yarn
zookeeper zookeeper
hbase hbase

su - zookeeper切不了：This account is currently not available.
生产怎么做：/sbin/nologin --》 /bin/bash

3.解压hadoop

[hadoop@hadoop002 app]$ tar -xzvf hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0.tar.gz
[hadoop@hadoop002 app]$ cd hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ ll
total 76
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 bin  可执行脚本
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 bin-mapreduce1
drwxr-xr-x  3 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 cloudera
drwxr-xr-x  6 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 etc  配置目录(conf)
drwxr-xr-x  5 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 examples
drwxr-xr-x  3 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 examples-mapreduce1
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 include
drwxr-xr-x  3 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 lib  jar包目录
drwxr-xr-x  2 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 libexec
drwxr-xr-x  3 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 sbin hadoop组件的启动 停止脚本
drwxr-xr-x  4 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 share
drwxr-xr-x 17 hadoop hadoop  4096 Mar 24  2016 src
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$

4.Configuration

Use the following:

etc/hadoop/core-site.xml:

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>
    </property>
</configuration>


etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml:
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>1</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

5.配置ssh localhost无密码信任关系

[hadoop@hadoop002 ~]$ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/home/hadoop/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
ba:48:3d:ff:af:4d:da:74:67:31:d6:98:ad:a0:b3:76 hadoop@hadoop002
The key's randomart image is:
+--[ RSA 2048]----+
|                 |
|                 |
|                 |
|               +.|
|        S   . o+o|
|     . .   . ...o|
|    . +   o o o o|
|   . . +  .OE. o |
|    . . .o=++    |
+-----------------+
[hadoop@hadoop002 ~]$ cd .ssh
[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$ ll
total 8
-rw------- 1 hadoop hadoop 1675 Feb 13 22:36 id_rsa     私钥
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop  398 Feb 13 22:36 id_rsa.pub 公钥
[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$ 

[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$ ll
total 12
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop  398 Feb 13 22:37 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 hadoop hadoop 1675 Feb 13 22:36 id_rsa
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop  398 Feb 13 22:36 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop hadoop    0 Feb 13 22:39 known_hosts

ssh localhost date 是需要输入密码，但是这个用户是没有配置密码。
我们应该在没有配置密码情况下去完成无密码信任呢？

改权限
[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$ chmod 600 authorized_keys
[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$ ssh localhost date
The authenticity of host 'localhost (127.0.0.1)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is b1:94:33:ec:95:89:bf:06:3b:ef:30:2f:d7:8e:d2:4c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added 'localhost' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Wed Feb 13 22:41:17 CST 2019
[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$ ssh localhost date
Wed Feb 13 22:41:22 CST 2019
[hadoop@hadoop002 .ssh]$

6.格式化

[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ bin/hdfs namenode -format

7.启动

[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh
19/02/13 22:47:42 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable

Starting namenodes on [localhost]
localhost: starting namenode, logging to /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop002.out
localhost: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop002.out

ssh 信任关系是配置localhost

Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
The authenticity of host '0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is b1:94:33:ec:95:89:bf:06:3b:ef:30:2f:d7:8e:d2:4c.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
0.0.0.0: Warning: Permanently added '0.0.0.0' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop002.out
19/02/13 22:49:47 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 

ssh localhost date
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ sbin/stop-dfs.sh
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ sbin/start-dfs.sh
19/02/13 22:57:23 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
Starting namenodes on [localhost]
localhost: starting namenode, logging to /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop002.out
localhost: starting datanode, logging to /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop002.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0/logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop002.out
19/02/13 22:57:38 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ jps
15059 Jps
14948 SecondaryNameNode 第二名称节点 老二
14783 DataNode  数据节点  小弟
14655 NameNode  名称节点  老大 读写
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 

open http://ip:50070

8.环境变量

[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ cat ~/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs
export HADOOP_PREFIX=/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0
export PATH=$HADOOP_PREFIX/bin:$PATH
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$

9.命令: hdfs dfs操作命令和Linux命令极其相似

[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ bin/hdfs dfs -ls /
19/02/13 23:08:35 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ bin/hdfs dfs -ls /
19/02/13 23:11:22 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ ls /
bin   dev  home  lib64       media  opt   root  sbin     srv  tmp  var
boot  etc  lib   lost+found  mnt    proc  run   selinux  sys  usr
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ bin/hdfs dfs -mkdir /ruozedata
19/02/13 23:11:51 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ bin/hdfs dfs -ls /
19/02/13 23:11:56 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
Found 1 items
drwxr-xr-x   - hadoop supergroup          0 2019-02-13 23:11 /ruozedata
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ 
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$ ls /
bin   dev  home  lib64       media  opt   root  sbin     srv  tmp  var
boot  etc  lib   lost+found  mnt    proc  run   selinux  sys  usr
[hadoop@hadoop002 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.7.0]$

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大数据入门介绍一

Hadoop:广义: 以apache hadoop软件为主的生态圈(hive zookeeper spark hbase)狭义: apache hadoop软件hadoop.apache.orghive.apache.orgspark.apache.orghadoop软件:1.x 企业不用2.x 主流3.x 没有企业敢用a.采坑b.很多公司都是CDH5.x部署大数据环境 (w...
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