核心:
责任链模式:使多个对象都有机会处理请求,从而避免请求的发送者和接收者之间的耦合关系。将整个对象连成一条链,并沿着这条链传递该请求,直到有一个对象处理它为止。我们可以把各位领导想象成一条链,从链的开头传递请求到尽头,直到业务逻辑处理完成。链上的每个节点都可以设置自己处理的指标范围,也可以设置下一任处理者节点。最显著的好处就是请求者不用知道到底是哪个对象处理的,反正提交请求就对了。同时链中的处理者并不知道整条链的结构,他们只需要保持一个指向下一任处理者对象的引用,这样非常大的降低了耦合度。责任链模式的缺点是性能问题,有可能一个请求是从整条链的头部遍历到链尾部,应该尽量避免超长链,并且如果出现问题,调试很不方便。
public class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
//来一张请假条
Leave leave = new XiaoMing("xiaoming",5,"事假");
Handler groupLeader = new GroupLeader();
Handler managerLeader = new Manager();
Handler bigManager = new BigManager();
groupLeader.setNextHandler(managerLeader);
managerLeader.setNextHandler(bigManager);
groupLeader.submit(leave);
}
}
//请假条接口
interface Leave{
String getName();
int getDay();
String getContent();
}
class XiaoMing implements Leave{
private String name;
private int day;
private String content;
public XiaoMing(String name,int day,String content){
this.content = content;
this.day = day;
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String getContent() {
return name;
}
@Override
public int getDay() {
return day;
}
@Override
public String getName() {
return content;
}
}
abstract class Handler{
//类变量
protected static final int NUM_ONE = 1;
protected static final int NUM_THREE = 3;
protected static final int NUM_SEVEN = 7;
//上级领导
private Handler nextHandler;
//设置该领导的请假天数范围
private int numStart;
private int numEnd;
//上不封顶
public Handler(int numStart){
this.numStart = numStart;
}
public Handler(int numStart,int numEnd){
this.numStart = numStart;
this.numEnd = numEnd;
}
//设置上级领导
public void setNextHandler(Handler nextHandler){
this.nextHandler=nextHandler;
}
public final void submit(Leave leave){
if(this.numStart == 0){
return;
}
//当前领导处理,处理不了交给上级领导处理
if(leave.getDay() >= numStart){
this.handleLeave(leave);
if(leave.getDay() > numEnd && this.nextHandler != null){
this.nextHandler.submit(leave);
}
}
}
public abstract void handleLeave(Leave leave);
}
//领导实现
class GroupLeader extends Handler{
GroupLeader(){
super(Handler.NUM_ONE,Handler.NUM_THREE);
}
@Override
public void handleLeave(Leave leave){
System.out.println(leave.getName() + "请假" + leave.getDay() + "天," + leave.getContent() + "。");
System.out.println("小组长审批:同意。");
}
}
class Manager extends Handler{
Manager(){
super(Handler.NUM_THREE,Handler.NUM_SEVEN);
}
@Override
public void handleLeave(Leave leave){
System.out.println(leave.getName() + "请假" + leave.getDay() + "天," + leave.getContent() + "。");
System.out.println("部门经理审批:同意。");
}
}
class BigManager extends Handler{
BigManager(){
super(Handler.NUM_SEVEN);
}
@Override
public void handleLeave(Leave leave){
System.out.println(leave.getName() + "请假" + leave.getDay() + "天," + leave.getContent() + "。");
System.out.println("董事长审批:同意。");
}
}