JDBC DAO示例

JDBC DAO示例

1. BaseDAO抽象类

/*
 *dao()
 *封装了针对数据表的通用的操作
 *
 *
 *@author 刘鑫
 *@create by 2021/5/9 21:59
 */
public abstract class BaseDAO {

    //通用的增删改操作 ----version 2.0(考虑上事务)
    public int update(Connection conn, String sql, Object...args){

        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        try {
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            for(int i=0;i< args.length;i++){
                ps.setObject(i+1,args[i]);
            }
           return ps.executeUpdate();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JDBCUtils.close(null,ps);
        }
        return 0;
    }

    //通用的查询操作，用于返回数据表中的一条记录（version 2.0：考虑上事务）
    public <T>T getInstance(Connection conn,Class<T> clazz,String sql,Object...args){
        PreparedStatement ps=null;
        ResultSet rs=null;
        try {
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            //填充占位符
            for (int i=0;i<args.length;i++){
                ps.setObject(i+1,args[i]);
            }
            //查询
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
            ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
            int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
            if(rs.next()){
                Constructor<T> declaredConstructor = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
                T t = declaredConstructor.newInstance();
                for (int i=0;i<columnCount;i++){
                    //得到结果集中的列名
                    String columnName = rsmd.getColumnLabel(i + 1);
                    //得到结果集中的值
                    Object columnValue = rs.getObject(i + 1);
                    //通过反射得到Customer对应的字段
                    Field field= clazz.getDeclaredField(columnName);
                    field.setAccessible(true);
                    field.set(t,columnValue);
                }
                return t;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JDBCUtils.close(null,ps,rs);
        }
        return null;
    }

    //通用的查询操作,返回多条记录的集合
    public <T> List<T> getForList(Connection conn, Class<T> clazz, String sql, Object...args){
        List<T> list=new ArrayList<>();
        PreparedStatement ps=null;
        ResultSet rs=null;
        try {
            //2.预编译sql语句
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            //3.填充占位符
            for (int i=0;i<args.length;i++){
                ps.setObject(i+1,args[i]);
            }
            //4.执行查询
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
            ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
            int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
            while (rs.next()){
                Constructor<T> declaredConstructor = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
                T t = declaredConstructor.newInstance();

                for (int i=0;i<columnCount;i++){
                    //获取当前列当前行的列名和值
                    String columnLabel = rsmd.getColumnLabel(i + 1);
                    Object columnValue = rs.getObject(i + 1);


                    Field declaredField = clazz.getDeclaredField(columnLabel);
                    declaredField.setAccessible(true);
                    declaredField.set(t,columnValue);
                }
                list.add(t);
            }
            return list;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  finally {
            JDBCUtils.close(null,ps,rs);
        }
        return null;
    }

    //用于查询特殊值的通用的方法
    public <E>E getValue(Connection conn,String sql,Object...args) {
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            for (int i=0;i< args.length;i++){
                ps.setObject(i+1,args[i]);
            }
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
            if (rs.next()){
                return (E)rs.getObject(1);
            }
        } catch (SQLException throwables) {
            throwables.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            JDBCUtils.close(null,ps,rs);
        }
        return null;

    }
}

2. Customer类：对应数据库中的一张表

public class Customer {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String email;
    private Date birth;
    public Customer() {
    }

    public Customer(int id, String name, String email, Date birth) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.email = email;
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Customer{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", email='" + email + '\'' +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                '}';
    }
}

3.CustomerDAO接口

public interface CustomerDAO {

    /*
    * 将cust对象添加到数据库中
    * */
    void insert(Connection conn, Customer cust);

    /*
    * 针对指定的id，删除表中的一条记录
    * */
    void deleteById(Connection conn,int id);

    /*
    *针对于内存中的cust对象，去修改数据表中指定的记录
    * */
    void update(Connection conn,Customer cust);

    /*
    * 针对指定的id查询得到对应的Customer对象
    * */
    Customer getCustomerById(Connection conn,int id);

    /*
    * 查询表中的所有记录构成的集合
    * */
    List<Customer> getAll(Connection conn);

    /*
    * 返回数据表中的数据的条目数
    * */
    Long getCount(Connection conn);

    Date getMaxBirth(Connection conn);

}

4.CustomerDAOImpl类

public class CustomerDAOImpl extends BaseDAO implements CustomerDAO{
    @Override
    public void insert(Connection conn, Customer cust) {
        String sql="insert into customers(name,email,birth) values(?,?,?)";

        update(conn,sql,cust.getName(),cust.getEmail(),cust.getBirth());
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteById(Connection conn, int id) {
        String sql="delete from customers where id = ?";
        update(conn,sql,id);
    }

    @Override
    public void update(Connection conn, Customer cust) {
        String sql="update customers set name=?,email=?,birth=? where id=?";
        update(conn,sql,cust.getName(),cust.getEmail(),cust.getBirth(),cust.getId());
    }

    @Override
    public Customer getCustomerById(Connection conn, int id) {
        String sql="select id,name,email,birth from customers where id=?";
        Customer customer = getInstance(conn, Customer.class, sql, id);
        return customer;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Customer> getAll(Connection conn) {
        String sql="select id,name,email,birth from customers";
        List<Customer> list = getForList(conn, Customer.class, sql);
        return list;
    }

    @Override
    public Long getCount(Connection conn) {
        String sql="select count(*) from customers";
        return getValue(conn, sql);
    }

    @Override
    public Date getMaxBirth(Connection conn) {
        String sql="select max(birth) from customers";
        return getValue(conn,sql);
    }
}