DVWA靶场-CSRF

第三关：CSRF（跨站请求伪造漏洞）

      CSRF，全称Cross-site request forgery，跨站请求伪造，是指利用受害者尚未失效的身份认证信息（cookie、会话等），诱骗其点击恶意链接或者访问包含攻击代码的页面，在受害人不知情的情况下以受害者的身份向（身份认证信息所对应的）服务器发送请求，从而完成非法操作（如转账、改密等）

Low

<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
    // Get input
    $pass_new  = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
    $pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
    // Do the passwords match?
    if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
        // They do!
        $pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
        $pass_new = md5( $pass_new );
        // Update the database
        $insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
        $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
        // Feedback for the user
        echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
    }
    else {
        // Issue with passwords matching
        echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
    }
    ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
?>

      分析代码发现，服务器收到修改密码的请求后，会检查参数password_new与password_conf是否相等，如果相等，就会修改密码，并没有任何的防CSRF机制（当然服务器对请求的发送者是做了身份验证的，是检查的cookie，只是这里的代码没有体现）

      首先使用admin,admin可以验证登录成功，使用admin,password验证登录失败，使用链接http://127.0.0.1/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/?password_new=password&password_conf=password&Change=Change可以修改此时用户的登录密码。

      其他电脑输入此链接后http://127.0.0.1/dvwa/vulnerabilities/csrf/?password_new=password&password_conf=password&Change=Change，可以成功修改此用户的密码

Medium

<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
    // Checks to see where the request came from
    if( stripos( $_SERVER[ 'HTTP_REFERER' ] ,$_SERVER[ 'SERVER_NAME' ]) !== false ) {
        // Get input
        $pass_new  = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
        $pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];
        // Do the passwords match?
        if( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) {
            // They do!
            $pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
            $pass_new = md5( $pass_new );

            // Update the database
            $insert = "UPDATE `users` SET password = '$pass_new' WHERE user = '" . dvwaCurrentUser() . "';";
            $result = mysqli_query($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $insert ) or die( '<pre>' . ((is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_error($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) : (($___mysqli_res = mysqli_connect_error()) ? $___mysqli_res : false)) . '</pre>' );
            // Feedback for the user
            echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
        }
        else {
            // Issue with passwords matching
            echo "<pre>Passwords did not match.</pre>";
        }
    }
    else {
        // Didn't come from a trusted source
        echo "<pre>That request didn't look correct.</pre>";
    }
    ((is_null($___mysqli_res = mysqli_close($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]))) ? false : $___mysqli_res);
}
?>

stripos(string,find,start)
函数查找字符串find在另一字符串string中第一次出现的位置（不区分大小写）。返回字符串在另一字符串中第一次出现的位置，如果没有找到字符串则返回 FALSE。

从代码中可以看到，首先检查$_SERVER[ 'HTTP_REFERER' ]（即HTTP包头中的referer字段的值，表示来源地址）中是否包含$_SERVER[ 'SERVER_NAME' ]（即HTTP包头中的Host字段的值，表示要访问的主机名），并以此来防御csrf攻击

首先新建一个html页面，里面包含了修改密码的url

当用户点击此html文件后（可伪造成一个链接），即可成功修改该用户的密码

High

Impossible

<?php
if( isset( $_GET[ 'Change' ] ) ) {
    // Check Anti-CSRF token
    checkToken( $_REQUEST[ 'user_token' ], $_SESSION[ 'session_token' ], 'index.php' );

    // Get input
    $pass_curr = $_GET[ 'password_current' ];
    $pass_new  = $_GET[ 'password_new' ];
    $pass_conf = $_GET[ 'password_conf' ];

    // Sanitise current password input
    $pass_curr = stripslashes( $pass_curr );
    $pass_curr = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass_curr ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
    $pass_curr = md5( $pass_curr );

    // Check that the current password is correct
    $data = $db->prepare( 'SELECT password FROM users WHERE user = (:user) AND password = (:password) LIMIT 1;' );
    $data->bindParam( ':user', dvwaCurrentUser(), PDO::PARAM_STR );
    $data->bindParam( ':password', $pass_curr, PDO::PARAM_STR );
    $data->execute();

    // Do both new passwords match and does the current password match the user?
    if( ( $pass_new == $pass_conf ) && ( $data->rowCount() == 1 ) ) {
        // It does!
        $pass_new = stripslashes( $pass_new );
        $pass_new = ((isset($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"]) && is_object($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"])) ? mysqli_real_escape_string($GLOBALS["___mysqli_ston"],  $pass_new ) : ((trigger_error("[MySQLConverterToo] Fix the mysql_escape_string() call! This code does not work.", E_USER_ERROR)) ? "" : ""));
        $pass_new = md5( $pass_new );

        // Update database with new password
        $data = $db->prepare( 'UPDATE users SET password = (:password) WHERE user = (:user);' );
        $data->bindParam( ':password', $pass_new, PDO::PARAM_STR );
        $data->bindParam( ':user', dvwaCurrentUser(), PDO::PARAM_STR );
        $data->execute();

        // Feedback for the user
        echo "<pre>Password Changed.</pre>";
    }
    else {
        // Issue with passwords matching
        echo "<pre>Passwords did not match or current password incorrect.</pre>";
    }
}
// Generate Anti-CSRF token
generateSessionToken();
?>

代码中加入了PDO机制进行防御sql注入，并使用简单粗暴的方法来防御CSRF漏洞，即要求用户修改密码时输入现在使用的密码，因此攻击者不知道现在的密码是无法修改密码的。
}

代码中加入了PDO机制进行防御sql注入，并使用简单粗暴的方法来防御CSRF漏洞，即要求用户修改密码时输入现在使用的密码，因此攻击者不知道现在的密码是无法修改密码的。