Investigation Report on the Development and Application of Digital Image Processing Technology

电子科技大学 格拉斯哥学院 2017级 牛星宇
Absrtact: As multimedia information technology develops rapidly , digital image processing technology has been updated, improved and expanded with its unique advantages, and has been applied in various fields of social production and life. Starting from the basic principle of image processing technology, this paper mainly introduces its application status and development trend in different fields.
Key words : processing technology ; digital images ; development and application
Introduction : In recent years, digital image processing technology has appeared in various fields of human social life, especially in aerospace, information science, biomedicine, three-dimensional art and industry. Workers in various fields are accustomed to describing the characteristics and logical relations of things in an image way. With the development of information technology, the requirement of digital image processing technology is higher and higher, and the requirement of image transmission information quality in various fields is also higher and higher. How to improve the real-time, visualization and objectivity of digital image processing and make it develop still has a long way to go .
Main Body :
1 Summary of Digital Image Processing Technology
1.1 Concept and Advantage of Digital Image Processing Technology
Digital image processing technology refers to the process of converting image signal into binary digital signal. It is processed by computer through image transformation, coding compression, enhancement and recovery, segmentation and feature extraction, and then restored to display W. High precision. Computer is the main carrier of image processing. It is also called computer image processing technology. As early as the 1960s, image processing technology has been applied to a certain extent.
After years of development, modern digital image processing technology has the following advantages: first, good reproducibility. Digital image processing technology will not degrade the image quality because of image transformation operation. Digital images can always be reproduced. Secondly, the processing accuracy is high. Digital image processing technology is to write various algorithms on the computer and process image data, thus ensuring the accuracy of calculation. Thirdly, it has a wide range of applications. Digital image processing technology can realize the accurate processing of electronic microscope image, aerial photograph, remote sensing image and even astronomical telescope image. Its application scope is beyond the scope of general image processing technology; digital image processing technology can not only complete linear image processing, but also complete very complex non-linear image processing. It can be obtained through mathematical formulas and logical relations, with strong flexibility.
1.2 Analysis of Main Processing Techniques of Digital Image Processing Technology
1.2.1 image transformation
In order to reduce the computational complexity of image processing in spatial domain, Fourier transform, Walsh transform, discrete cosine transform and other image transformation methods are used in digital image processing technology, which greatly improves the processing efficiency. The importance of image processing. At present, the new wavelet transform method has good localization characteristics in both time domain and frequency domain, and has been widely used in digital image processing technology.
1.2.2 Image Enhancement and Restoration
The main operation of image enhancement and restoration is to improve the quality of the image and make it clearer. Firstly, image enhancement mainly emphasizes the parts that need to be highlighted in the image. For example, the high-frequency component of the enhanced image is used to make the contour of the object in the image clearer and play a significant role. However, in image enhancement operations, the image is easily degraded, so image restoration operations can restore the original image, but before the operation, it is necessary to understand the causes and processes of image degradation, establish a “degradation model” and use filter M. The method of restoring image.
1.2.3 Image Coding Compression
The main purpose of this technology is to reduce the amount of data in image description, thus reducing the transmission, processing and storage time of images. Image coding and compression can absolutely guarantee the authenticity of image information. It is a mature digital image processing technology.
1.2.4 image segmentation
Simple understanding, image segmentation is to separate the whole image and retain the required content. Image segmentation technology is the most commonly used key technology in digital image processing. In fact, the purpose of image segmentation is to extract meaningful edges, regions and other features from the image in order to facilitate the next step of image recognition and analysis. However, there is no effective image segmentation method, which is widely used in various image segmentation. In the area of image segmentation, there is still a need for continuous research and innovation.

2. Analysis of the Application Status of Digital Image Processing Technology
Digital image processing technology is applied in various fields of social production and life. The principle of its processing technology is the same, but according to different technical requirements in different fields, the application of digital image processing technology has its own characteristics. Today, with the development of digital image processing technology, its application ranges from advanced frontier science and technology fields (astronomy, geography, engineering survey, etc.) to people’s leisure and entertainment life fields (3D special effects film, animation production, etc.). It can be said that for a long time, the production and life of human beings can not be separated from the application of digital image processing technology.
2.1 Applications in Biomedical Engineering
The application of digital image processing technology in biomedical engineering has also achieved good results. The emergence of CT technology has made great contributions to the cause of modern medicine. With the development of biomedicine, the analysis of human microstructures has gradually deepened, and digital image processing technology has played an important role in this field. Digital image processing technology can analyze chromosomes and identify cancer cells more accurately by processing microscopic images. In addition, more and more medical devices, such as ultrasound image processing, X-ray pulmonary image sharpening, electrocardiogram analysis, are integrated into the application of digital image processing technology.
2.2 Applications in Industrial Engineering
As a pillar industry of national economy, digital image processing technology is widely used in industrial field. Digital image processing technology is indispensable in machinery manufacturing, die processing, software development, engineering measurement and so on. With the development of information technology, UG, PROE and other three-dimensional CAD software widely used in people’s study and work are applied to digital image processing technology. For example, in view of the loopholes in manual detection of industrial products, digital image processing technology can be judged by effective screening and detection of images by computer. In addition, digital image processing technology combines vision, hearing, tactile theory and artificial intelligence technology to develop intelligent robots. Machine vision, as an important sensory organ of intelligent robots, has been widely used in physical understanding and recognition of three-dimensional scenes, military reconnaissance and other fields. Industrial production has injected new vitality.
2.3 Application in Aerospace and Aeronautics The most common application of digital image processing technology in space technology is the processing of lunar and Mars images. The detailed processing and analysis of the photographs reflect the landforms of Mars and the Moon. In addition, digital image processing technology is also widely used in aerial remote sensing and satellite remote sensing technology. In 1983, the United States successfully realized the application of digital image processing technology in airplane and satellite remote sensing technology for the first time. The Landsat-4 series of land satellites launched by the United States use a multi-band scanner (MSS) to scan and image every region of the Earth within 18 days at an altitude of 900 kilometres. The image resolution is equivalent to that of the earth. Surface over 40 meters. These images are digitized and coded in the air to generate digital signals and store them on tape. When the satellite passes through the ground station, the digital signal is transmitted at high speed and analyzed by the computer processing center. It can be seen that many digital image processing techniques are needed in image processing, transmission processing, interpretation and analysis. With the improvement of computer processing speed, the application of digital image processing technology in aerospace field will be more rapid.
2.4 Applications in Communication Engineering
In modern society, communication technology has developed towards multimedia communication of audio-visual, text and data integration. Image is the most intuitive communication tool in communication transmission. However, due to the large amount of data and the large space occupied by images, the network is easily blocked in the process of direct transmission, which affects the transmission efficiency. Therefore, it is particularly important to compress the image information by using the coding and compression technology of digital image processing technology to ensure its normal transmission efficiency. At present, entropy coding, DP_CM coding and transform coding are widely used in digital image processing technology. New image coding and compression methods, such as line-by-line coding and adaptive network coding, are also developing vigorously.

3. Development Trend of Digital Image Processing Technology
Based on the current situation of digital image processing technology in the application field and its important role in social production and life, the future development trend of digital image processing technology is put forward under the background of continuous updating and development of information technology. The technology is summarized as follows: Firstly, the future digital image processing technology will develop to a high level. High-speed, high-resolution, real-time image processing, three-dimensional or multi-dimensional imaging, intelligent, standardized development direction; second, future digital image processing technology will emphasize more efficient and fast operation, so that image processing technology has a variety of functions. With the development of digital image processing technology, network technology will develop towards centralization. With the continuous renewal of theory, the research methods of digital image processing technology will be constantly updated in the future, and will develop towards new theories and new trends of thought.
Conclusion : In short, with the development of science and technology, the status and role of digital image processing technology is more prominent. Digital image processing technology has made great contributions to the development of national economy and the improvement of people’s living standards. However, compared with the advanced western countries, China’s digital image processing technology is still relatively low, and its application areas need to be expanded. In the background of the development of artificial intelligence technology, digital image processing technology still needs to strengthen research and innovation, and towards the future development trend of digital image processing technology, so as to play a greater role in the mode.
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