HttpServletResponse和HttpServletRequest学习记录

HttpServletResponse 和 HttpServletRequest

HttpServletRespose

1. 向浏览器发送数据

   getOutputStream()
   getWriter()
   

2. 向浏览器发送响应头

   server  //使用的服务器名称，如Server:ApachApache/1.36(Unix)
   Content-type  //用来指明发送给接受者的实体正文的媒体类型，如Content-type:text/html;charset=GBK
   Content-language //描述了资源所用的自然语言，与Accept-Language对应
   Content-length //指明实体正文的长度，用以字节方式存储的十进制数字来表示
   Keep-Alive //保持连接的时间，如Kepp-Alive:timeout=5,max=120
   

3. 常见的状态码

   200 	//客服端请求成功
   302  	//临时跳转，跳转的地址通过指定（页面重定位）
   400		//客户端请求语法有错误，不能被服务器识别
   403		//服务器收到请求，但是拒接提供服务
   404		//请求资源不存在
   500		//服务器发生不可预期的错误（网关错误，语法错误）
   

应用

1. 向浏览器输出信息

2. 下载文件

   public class ResponseDownload extends HttpServlet {
       @Override
       protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           //获取路径
   
           String realPath ="F:\\ideaProject\\javaweb-02-servlet\\responseTest\\target\\classes\\八重樱.png";
   
           //获取下载文件名
           String fileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
   //        PrintWriter writer = resp.getWriter();
   //        writer.println(URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
           //设置浏览器支持下载
           resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition","attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8"));
   
           //获取文件输入流
           FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
           ServletOutputStream os = resp.getOutputStream();
           int len=0;
           byte[] buff = new byte[1024];
           while((len = in.read(buff))!=-1){
               os.write(buff,0,len);
           }
   
           os.close();
           in.close();
   
       }
   
       @Override
       protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           doGet(req, resp);
       }
   }
   

3. 验证码

4. 实现重定向

   public class ResponseServlet extends HttpServlet {
       @Override
       protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           resp.sendRedirect("/re/login.html");
       }
   
       @Override
       protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           doGet(req, resp);
       }
   }
   

HttpServletRequest

1. 获取前端传递过来的参数

   getParameter()   	//String str
   getParameterValues() //String []str
   

2. 请求转发

   public class RequestSerlet extends HttpServlet {
       @Override
       protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           //从request中获取数据
           String username = req.getParameter("username");
           String password = req.getParameter("password");
           String[] hobbies = req.getParameterValues("hobbies");
           System.out.println(username);
           System.out.println(password);
           //请求转发
           req.getRequestDispatcher("/index.jsp").forward(req,resp);
       }
   
       @Override
       protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
           doGet(req, resp);
       }
   }
   

重定向和转发的区别

​ 相同点：

​ 页面都会发生跳转

​ 不同点：

​ 请求转发：url地址栏不会发生变化

​ 重定向：url地址栏会发生改变

​