Linux部署Mysql 8

Linux环境安装部署Mysql

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一、环境准备

1. centos 7
   
2. Mysql 8-linux环境安装包
   
3. 官网地址：
   https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql
4. 根据自己机器选择版本
   

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二、安装步骤

1. 卸载之前版本

find / -name mysql
rm -rf  /data/mysql8_data/mysql/mysql

2. 解压缩

tar -Jxvf mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

3. 移动位置并修改名称

mv mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/
mv mysql-8.0.29-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql8

2. 创建mysql组和用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

5. 创建mysql数据目录

mkdir -p /data/mysql8_data

6. 赋予权限

chown mysql:mysql -R /data/mysql8_data
chmod 750 /data/mysql8_data/ -R

7. 将/usr/local/mysql/bin 目录添加到PATH变量中

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql8/bin

三、配置MySQL参数

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8mb4
[client]
port       = 3306
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock
 
[mysqld]
port       = 3306
server-id  = 3306
user       = mysql
socket     = /tmp/mysql.sock
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir    = /usr/local/mysql8
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir    = /data/mysql8_data/mysql
log-bin    = /data/mysql8_data/mysql/mysql-bin
innodb_data_home_dir      =/data/mysql8_data/mysql
innodb_log_group_home_dir =/data/mysql8_data/mysql
#设置mysql数据库的日志及进程数据的存放目录
log-error =/data/mysql8_data/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file  =/data/mysql8_data/mysql/mysql.pid
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为8比特编码
character-set-server=utf8mb4
#忽略大小写
lower_case_table_names=1
autocommit =1
 
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 1024
sort_buffer_size = 4M
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 4M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 128
 
#query_cache_size = 128M
tmp_table_size = 128M
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = true
max_connections = 500
max_connect_errors = 100
open_files_limit = 65535
 
binlog_format=mixed
 
binlog_expire_logs_seconds =864000
 
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 1024M
innodb_log_file_size = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
transaction-isolation=READ-COMMITTED
 
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
 
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 4M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
 
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

四、初始化MySQL

1. 进入安装地址bin目录下

cd  /usr/local/mysql8/bin

2. 初始化

 ./mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir=/usr/local/mysql8 --datadir=/data/mysql8_data/mysql --user=mysql --initialize

3. 参数解释

--defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf 指定配置文件（放在 --initialize 前面）
--user=mysql 指定用户
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ 指定安装目录
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ 指定初始化数据目录

4. 使用临时密码登录

 cat /data/mysql8_data/mysql/mysql.log

mysql -uroot -p

5. 如果无法连接

进入安装目录，启动mysql服务

sudo ./support-files/mysql.server start

五、修改密码并添加远程访问

1. 修改临时密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED with mysql_native_password BY '123456';

2. 刷新权限

flush privileges;

3. 添加远程访问

use mysql;
CREATE user 'root'@'%'; #创建用户任意远程访问
alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by '123456'; #修改密码
grant all privileges on *.* to "root"@"%"; #给用户授权
flush privileges; 

六、设置开机自启动

1. 将mysql.server 文件复制到 /etc/rc.d/init.d/ 目录下mysql 文件

cp /usr/local/mysql8/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql

2. 赋予权限

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

3. 添加服务

chkconfig --add mysql

4. 查看服务列表

chkconfig --list

如果345为关

 chkconfig --level 345 mysql on

使用mysql命令

ln -s /usr/local/mysql8/bin/mysql /usr/bin