文章目录
简介
记笔记用，持续更新。
cmd
cd指定路径：
win10： cd /d [path]
改控制台编码：
CHCP [num]
936 GBK(一般情况下为默认编码)
437 美国英语
65001 utf-8
滚动效果
dir /s
配合color 2食用
gcc
编译
g++ [fileNameIn] -std=c++11 -o [fileNameOut]
-std=c++11 ： 指定标准
-o ：指定输出文件
ffmpeg
一个强大硬核的视频类软件下载地址
ffmpeg简单使用教程 转码、压制、提取、截取、合并、录屏等
常用命令：
流式mp4转mp4(摘自cv7306643)：
ffmpeg.exe -i [vedioInput.mp4] -f mp4 [videoOutput.mp4]
mp4转mp3（摘自此处）:
ffmpeg -i a.mp4 -f MP3 a1.mp3
更多命令
ffplay：
FFplay使用指南
ffplay的快捷键以及选项
C++
try exception
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int f(int x) {
if ( x<0 ) {
throw double(1);
} else if ( x==0 ) {
throw int(10);
}
return 1/x;
}
int g(int x) {
if (x==0) {
cout << "here" << endl;
throw bool(false);
}
return f(x);
}
int main(void){
while(true){
int a;
cin>>a;
try{
g(a);
} catch (int & e) {
cout << "e = " << e << endl; //log
} catch (double &e){
cout << "e = " << e << endl; //log
} catch (bool &e) {
cout << "e = " << e << endl; //log
}
}
return 0;
}
windows自带的文件选择器
string openDlg(){
TCHAR szBuffer[MAX_PATH] = {0};
OPENFILENAME ofn= {0};
ofn.lStructSize = sizeof(ofn);
ofn.hwndOwner = NULL;
ofn.lpstrFilter = ("Exe文件(*.exe)\0*.exe\0所有文件(*.*)\0*.*\0");//要选择的文件后缀
ofn.lpstrInitialDir = ("C:\\Program Files");//默认的文件路径
ofn.lpstrFile = szBuffer;//存放文件的缓冲区
ofn.nMaxFile = sizeof(szBuffer)/sizeof(*szBuffer);
ofn.nFilterIndex = 0;
ofn.Flags = OFN_PATHMUSTEXIST | OFN_FILEMUSTEXIST | OFN_EXPLORER ;//标志如果是多选要加上OFN_ALLOWMULTISELECT
BOOL bSel = GetOpenFileName(&ofn);
return szBuffer;
}
添加/删除windows右键菜单
（摘自此处）
原作者没有在函数末尾返回true表成功，这里补上了
bool add(string strMenuText, string strApplication){
//添加右键菜单项"加密该文件"
HKEY hresult;
long value;
//string strRegKeyName = "我的加密";
string strRegKeyName = strMenuText;
string strRegKey = "*\\shell\\" + strRegKeyName;//if txt file, please use "txtfile\\shell\\用我的文本编辑程序打开"
string strRegSubkey="*\\shell\\" + strRegKeyName + "\\command";
//string strMenuText="加密该文件";
//string strApplication="E:\\Desktop\\Use\\xsearch_CHS.exe %1";
strApplication = strApplication + " %1";
DWORD dwPos;
//创建“加密”子键,并设置右键菜单项的名称
value=RegCreateKeyEx(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,(LPSTR)(LPCSTR)strRegKey.c_str(),0,NULL,REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE,KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY|KEY_ALL_ACCESS,NULL,&hresult,&dwPos);
if(0 != value){
cout << "1 value!=0" << endl;
cout << "value = " << value << endl;
return false;
}
value=RegSetValueEx(hresult,NULL,0,REG_SZ,(BYTE*)(LPCTSTR)strMenuText.c_str(), strMenuText.length());
if(0 != value){
cout << "2 value!=0" << endl;
cout << "value = " << value << endl;
return false;
}
//创建“command”子键，并设置关联的应用程序
value=RegCreateKeyEx(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,(LPSTR)(LPCSTR)strRegSubkey.c_str(),0,NULL,REG_OPTION_NON_VOLATILE,KEY_CREATE_SUB_KEY|KEY_ALL_ACCESS,NULL,&hresult,&dwPos);
if(0 != value){
cout << "3 value!=0" << endl;
cout << "value = " << value << endl;
return false;
}
value=RegSetValueEx(hresult,NULL,0,REG_SZ,(const BYTE*)(LPCTSTR)strApplication.c_str(),strApplication.length());
if(0 != value){
cout << "4 value!=0" << endl;
cout << "value = " << value << endl;
return false;
}
//关闭注册表
::RegCloseKey(hresult);
return true;
}
bool del(string strMenuText){
HKEY hKey;
//string strRegKeyName = "我的加密";
string strRegKeyName = strMenuText;
string strRegKey="*\\shell\\" + strRegKeyName;
string strRegSubkey="*\\shell";
//打开父键
long lRet=::RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,(LPSTR)(LPCSTR)strRegKey.c_str(),0,KEY_READ,&hKey);
if(0 != lRet){
return false;
}
//删除“command”子键
lRet = ::RegDeleteKey(hKey,LPCTSTR("command"));
if(0 != lRet){
return false;
}
::RegCloseKey(hKey);
lRet=::RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT,(LPSTR)(LPCSTR)strRegSubkey.c_str(),0,KEY_READ,&hKey);
if(0 != lRet){
return false;
}
//删除“加密”子键
lRet = ::RegDeleteKey(hKey,LPCTSTR(strRegKeyName.c_str()));
if(0 != lRet){
return false;
}
::RegCloseKey(hKey);
return true;
}
bmp转 LED|OLED C51字模
使用方式：
将图片保存为24位bmp格式，将取所有非白色（0xFFFFFF）像素。数据排列方式为从左到右、从上到下：
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
// #include <unistd>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(int argc, char const *argv[]){
// freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout);
int fd = open("c.bmp", O_RDONLY);
for ( int i=0; i<54; i++ ) {
char ch;
read(fd, &ch, 1);
printf("%d\n", ch);
}
//load bmp
int w;
int h;
lseek(fd, 0x1c, SEEK_SET);
short bitCount;
read(fd, &bitCount, 2); int error_line = __LINE__;
if ( bitCount != 24 ) {
printf("文件'%s'中第%d行错误: 请保存为24位bmp格式\n", __FILE__, error_line);
printf("error in file '%s' line %d: please save as 24 bit bmp\n", __FILE__, error_line);
return -1;
}
lseek(fd, 0x12, SEEK_SET);
read(fd, &w, 4);
read(fd, &h, 4);
bool is_daoxiang = h>0;
if ( h<0 ) {
h = -h;
}
lseek(fd, 54, SEEK_SET);
char buf[w*h];
for( int y=0; y<h; y++ ) {
for ( int x=0; x<w; x++ ) {
unsigned char r,g,b;
read(fd, &r, 1);
read(fd, &g, 1);
read(fd, &b, 1);
// if ( r==0xff && g==0xff && b==0xff ) {
// printf("..");
// } else {
// printf("[]");
// }
if (is_daoxiang) {
buf[(h-1-y)*w+x] = !( r==0xff && g==0xff && b==0xff );
} else {
buf[y*w+x] = !( r==0xff && g==0xff && b==0xff );
}
}
char tmp[4];
read(fd, &tmp, 4-(w*3)%4);
// printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
// print bmp
printf("/*\n");
for ( int y=0; y<h; y++ ) {
for (int x=0; x<w; x++) {
printf(buf[y*w+x]?"[]":"..");
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("*/\n");
// output C51
int line_width = 16;
unsigned char ch = 0;
printf("/*w = %d, h = %d, %d bytes total*/\n", w,h, w*h/8);
for (int i=0; i<w*h; i++) {
ch <<= 1;
ch += buf[i];
if (i%8==7) {
printf("0x%02x,", ch);
ch = 0;
if (i%(8*line_width)==8*line_width-1) {
printf("\n");
}
}
}
// fclose(stdout);
// system("out.txt");
return 0;
}
python
import的用法
（摘自此处）
from . import module_name。导入和自己同目录下的模块。
from .package_name import module_name。导入和自己同目录的包的模块。
from … import module_name。导入上级目录的模块。
from …package_name import module_name。导入位于上级目录下的包的模块。
高级用法
二维遍历：
入门：
for x in range(10):
for y in range(10):
print( (x,y) )
初级：
for p in [(x,y) for x in range(10) for y in range(10)]:
print(p)
高级（笛卡尔积）：
from itertools import product
for p in product(range(10), range(10)):
print(p)
列表推导式
例如：求小于30的数字中4、7的倍数的平方，要求装入列表中
朴素代码：
numbers = []
for x in range(30):
if x%4==0 or x%7==0:
numbers.append(x*x)
print(numbers)
列表推导式：
print([x*x for x in range(30) if x%4==0 or x%7==0])
更改控制台字体颜色
import colorama
from colorama import Fore, Back, Style
colorama.init()
text = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"
print(Fore.RED + text)
print(Back.GREEN + text + Style.RESET_ALL)
print(text)
自动输入
import pyautogui
import time
# pyautogui.click(415,149)
# pyautogui.typewrite([ 'tab' ,'tab'],'0.25')#pyautogui.typewrite( 'tab' , '0.25')
# pyautogui.typewrite(['l','i',' h','a','i','g' , 'u',' a' ,'n','1', 'tab'], '0.25')
# pyautogui.typewrite(['1','7','0','6','3' ,'0' ,'0', '1' , 'tab'],'0.25')
# pyautogui.typewrite(['z','y','x','y','1','tab'],'0.25')
# pyautogui.typewrite( '130035122' ,'0.25')
time.sleep(5)
s = """#include <windows.h>
#include <conio.h>
int main() {
int W = 20, S = W * W, * m, z[2] = { 0 }, l = 3, i, c = 'D', C, * p, f;
SetConsoleCursorInfo(GetStdHandle((DWORD)-11), &(CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO){25});
for (srand(m = calloc(S, 4)), C = m[1] = -1; C - 27; Sleep(100)) {
if (_kbhit())C = _getch() & 95, C - 65 && C - 68 &&
C - 83 && C - 87 || (C ^ c) & 20 ^ 4 && (c = C);
p = z + !!(c & 2), * p += c / 3 & 2, * p = (-- * p + W) % W;
f = 1, * (p = m + *z + z[1] * W) > 0 && (C = 27);
for (; *p && (m[i = rand() % S] || (--m[i], ++l, --f)););
SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle((DWORD)-11), (COORD){0});
for (i = 0, *p = l; i < S; _cputs(" "), ++i % W || _cputs("\\n"))
SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle((DWORD)-11),
m[i] > 0 ? m[i] -= f, 192 : m[i] ? 160 : 240);"""
for i in s:
pyautogui.typewrite([i], '0')
文本文件搜索
import os
file_list = []
def get_files(dir = ''):
# print(dir)
for file in os.listdir(dir):
path = dir + '/' + file
if os.path.isdir(path):
get_files(path)
else:
file_list.append(path)
# print(path)
get_files(os.getcwd())
while True:
key = input()
for file in file_list:
line_cnt = 1
for line in open(file):
if key in line:
print(file)
print(line_cnt, ":")
print(line)
line_cnt += 1
sublime build system（编译系统）
以启动新控制台的方式，解决sublime自带控制台不能输入的问题
python
{
"file_regex": "^(..[^:]*):([0-9]+):?([0-9]+)?:? (.*)$",
"working_dir": "${file_path}",
"selector": "source.py",
"variants":
[
{
"name": "Run",
"cmd": ["cmd", "/c","pyflakes","${file}","&&","start","cmd","/c","python ${file} & pause"]
}
]
}
C++
{
"cmd": ["g++", "${file}", "-fexec-charset=gbk", "-o", "${file_path}/${file_base_name}"],
"file_regex": "^(..[^:]*):([0-9]+):?([0-9]+)?:? (.*)$",
"working_dir": "${file_path}",
"selector": "source.c, source.c++",
"variants":
[
{
"name": "Run",
"cmd": ["cmd", "/c", "g++", "${file}", "-std=c++11", "-o", "${file_path}/${file_base_name}", "&&", "start", "cmd", "/c", "${file_path}/${file_base_name} & pause"]
}
]
}
支持Winsock2：
{
"cmd": ["g++", "${file}", "-fexec-charset=gbk", "-o", "${file_path}/${file_base_name}"],
"file_regex": "^(..[^:]*):([0-9]+):?([0-9]+)?:? (.*)$",
"working_dir": "${file_path}",
"selector": "source.c, source.c++",
"variants":
[
{
"name": "Run",
"cmd": ["cmd", "/c", "g++", "${file}", "-std=c++11", "-lwsock32", "-o", "${file_path}/${file_base_name}", "&&", "start", "cmd", "/c", "${file_path}/${file_base_name} & pause"]
}
]
}
Java
{
"file_regex": "^(..[^:]*):([0-9]+):?([0-9]+)?:? (.*)$",
"working_dir": "${file_path}",
"selector": "source.java",
"encoding": "cp936",
"cmd": ["cmd", "/c","javac","${file}","&&","start","cmd","/c","java ${file_base_name} & pause"]
}
C#
{
"file_regex": "^(..[^:]*):([0-9]+):?([0-9]+)?:? (.*)$",
"working_dir": "${file_path}",
"selector": "source.cs",
"encoding": "cp936",
"cmd": ["cmd", "/c","csc","${file}","&&","start","cmd","/c","${file_path}/${file_base_name} & pause"]
}
lua
{
"file_regex": "^(..[^:]*):([0-9]+):?([0-9]+)?:? (.*)$",
"working_dir": "${file_path}",
"selector": "source.lua",
"encoding": "cp936",
"variants":
[
{
"name": "Run",
"cmd": ["cmd", "/c","start","cmd","/c","lua ${file} & pause"]
}
]
}
自动匹配语言
我这里包括了C、C++、Python、Java、Lua，其他的自己看着加
前提是配好了python，因为python好实现我就懒得用别的了
实现方式就是简单的指令字符串的替换
compie.py
import sys
import os
import time
if 1 in range(len(sys.argv)):
file_path = sys.argv[1]
file_type = file_path.split('.')[-1]
file_name = file_path.split('\\')[-1].split('.')[0]
# print('file_path = ', file_path)
# print('file_type = ', file_type)
# print('file_name', file_name)
type_cmd = eval(open(sys.argv[0].replace('compie.py', 'config.txt')).read())
cmd = str(type_cmd[file_type])
# print(type_cmd)
# print(type(cmd))
# print(cmd)
cmd = cmd.replace('[path]', file_path)
cmd = cmd.replace('[fileName]', file_name)
cmd = cmd.replace('[fileType]', file_type)
start_time = time.time()
print('cmd =', cmd)
print('--------------------------------------------------------program start')
os.system(cmd)
print('\n--------------------------------------------------------program end')
print('finished in %.3fs' % (time.time() - start_time))
config.txt
就是个python的字典
{
'c' : 'gcc "[path]" -o "[fileName].exe" && [fileName].exe',
'cpp' : 'g++ "[path]" -o "[fileName].exe" -std=c++11 && [fileName].exe',
'py' : 'python "[path]"',
'java' : 'javac [path] && java [fileName]',
'lua' : 'lua [path]'
}
.sublime-build里这么写：
（注意，“python D:/compie/compie.py”是我自己的绝对路径，记得改）
{
"file_regex": "^(..[^:]*):([0-9]+):?([0-9]+)?:? (.*)$",
"working_dir": "${file_path}",
"encoding": "cp936",
"cmd": ["cmd", "/c","start","cmd","/c","python D:/compie/compie.py ${file} & pause"]
}
unity
控制移动：BV15W411976h p4
序列化BV15W411976h p7
携程？BV15W411976h p7
汇编
打开dosbox
输入指令
mount c [masm_path]
c:
编辑hello.asm文件(完整汇编程序框架)：
codes segment
assume cs:codes
start:
mov dl,'h'
mov ah,2
int 21h ; print the char in dl
mov ah,4ch
int 21h ; exit
codes ends
end start
产生obj文件：
masm [file_base_name]
链接
link [file_base_name]
lua
栈：
链表实现
！！！front和tail的含义反了，稍后有时间了再改！！！
-- Stack definition begin
--[[
top -> [value] -> [value] -> [value] -> [value] -> [value] -> None
]]
Stack = {}
function Stack.new()
return {size = 0, top = None} -- per node: {value = '', next = None}
end
function Stack.size(self)
return self.size
end
function Stack.top(self)
if self.top then
return self.top.value
else
error("Stack empty!")
end
end
function Stack.push(self, v)
local t = self.top
self.top = {value = v, next = t}
self.size = self.size+1
end
function Stack.pop(self)
local t = self.top
if t then
self.top = t.next
self.size = self.size-1
return t.value
else
error("Stack empty!")
end
end
-- Stack definition end
-- Stack example begin
s = Stack.new()
for i=1, 10 do
Stack.push(s, i)
end
while Stack.size(s) > 0 do
print(Stack.pop(s))
-- print(Stack.top(s))
end
-- Stack.pop(s) -- Stack empty!
-- Stack example end
队列：
链表实现
-- Queue definition begin
--[[
None <- [value] <- [value] <- [value] <- [value]
^ ^
| |
tail front
]]
Queue = {}
function Queue.new()
return {size = 0, front = None, tail = None}
end
function Queue.size(self)
return self.size
end
function Queue.front(self)
return self.front.value
end
function Queue.push(self, v)
if self.size==0 then
self.front = {value=v, next = None}
self.tail = self.front
else
self.tail.next = {value=v, next = None}
self.tail = self.tail.next
end
self.size = self.size + 1
end
function Queue.pop(self)
if self.size > 0 then
local t = self.front.value
self.front = self.front.next
self.size = self.size - 1
return t
else
error("Queue empty!")
end
end
-- Queue definition end
-- Queue example begin
q = Queue.new()
for i=1, 10 do
Queue.push(q, i)
end
while Queue.size(q) > 0 do
-- print(Queue.front(q))
print(Queue.pop(q))
end
-- Queue example end
-- bfs example begin -base on this Queue
local n = 100
local base = n+1
local _xy = {0,1,0,-1,0}
local vis = {}
local q = Queue.new()
local start_x = 1
local start_y = 1
Queue.push(q, start_x*base+start_y)
vis[start_x*base+start_y] = true
local cnt = 0
while true do
local size = Queue.size(q)
-- print("size = ", size)
if size==0 then
break
end
for t=1, size do
local v = Queue.pop(q)
vis[v] = true
local curr_x = math.floor(v/base)
local curr_y = v % base
print(curr_x .. "," .. curr_y)
cnt = cnt + 1
for i=1,4 do
local next_x = curr_x + _xy[i]
local next_y = curr_y + _xy[i+1]
-- print(next_x, next_y)
if (next_x<=n and next_x >=1 and
next_y<=n and next_y >=1 and
vis[next_x*base+next_y] == nil) then
vis[next_x*base+next_y] = true
Queue.push(q, next_x*base+next_y)
-- print("push", next_x*base+next_y)
end
end
end
print()
end
print(cnt)
-- bfs example end
之前网上找到一个版本（略做修改）：
--<Queue definition begin>
Queue = {}
function Queue.new()
return {first = 0, last = -1}
end
function Queue.pushFront(list, value)
local first = list.first - 1
list.first = first
list[first] = value
end
function Queue.pushBack(list, value)
local last = list.last + 1
list.last = last
list[last] = value
end
function Queue.popFront(list)
local first = list.first
if first > list.last then
error("Queue is empty")
end
local value = list[first]
list[first] = nil
list.first = first + 1
return value
end
function Queue.popBack(list)
local last = list.last
if list.first > last then
error("Queue is empty")
end
local value = list[last]
list[last] = nil
list.last = last - 1
return value
end
function Queue.isEmpty(list)
local ret = list.first > list.last
return ret
end
--<Queue definition end>
-- example begin
local q = Queue.new()
for i=1,10 do
Queue.pushBack(q,i)
end
while not Queue.isEmpty(q) do
print(Queue.popFront(q))
end
-- example end
Linux 服务器
1.下载tomcat
2.安装tomcat
3.打开8080端口
4.重启防火墙
wget https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.44/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.44.tar.gz
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-9.0.44.tar.gz
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent
systemctl restart firewalld.service
其他相关指令：
更新一下：在设置好端口后，需要执行
firewall-cmd --reload
5、查看已经打开的端口
firewall-cmd --list-all
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