转载自:https://blog.csdn.net/bone_ace/article/details/46718683
看到一篇很好的遍历二叉树的文章,转载一下留作备用
使用Python对这棵树进行各种遍历
class Node(object):
"""节点类"""
def __init__(self, elem=-1, lchild=None, rchild=None):
self.elem = elem
self.lchild = lchild
self.rchild = rchild
class Tree(object):
"""树类"""
def __init__(self):
self.root = Node()
self.myQueue = []
def add(self, elem):
"""为树添加节点"""
node = Node(elem)
if self.root.elem == -1: # 如果树是空的,则对根节点赋值
self.root = node
self.myQueue.append(self.root)
else:
treeNode = self.myQueue[0] # 此结点的子树还没有齐。
if treeNode.lchild == None:
treeNode.lchild = node
self.myQueue.append(treeNode.lchild)
else:
treeNode.rchild = node
self.myQueue.append(treeNode.rchild)
self.myQueue.pop(0) # 如果该结点存在右子树,将此结点丢弃。
def front_digui(self, root):
"""利用递归实现树的先序遍历"""
if root == None:
return
print(root.elem, end=' ')
self.front_digui(root.lchild)
self.front_digui(root.rchild)
def middle_digui(self, root):
"""利用递归实现树的中序遍历"""
if root == None:
return
self.middle_digui(root.lchild)
print(root.elem, end=' ')
self.middle_digui(root.rchild)
def later_digui(self, root):
"""利用递归实现树的后序遍历"""
if root == None:
return
self.later_digui(root.lchild)
self.later_digui(root.rchild)
print(root.elem, end=' ')
def front_stack(self, root):
"""利用堆栈实现树的先序遍历"""
if root == None:
return
myStack = []
node = root
while node or myStack:
while node: #从根节点开始,一直找它的左子树
print(node.elem, end=' ')
myStack.append(node)
node = node.lchild
node = myStack.pop() #while结束表示当前节点node为空,即前一个节点没有左子树了
node = node.rchild #开始查看它的右子树
def middle_stack(self, root):
"""利用堆栈实现树的中序遍历"""
if root == None:
return
myStack = []
node = root
while node or myStack:
while node: #从根节点开始,一直找它的左子树
myStack.append(node)
node = node.lchild
node = myStack.pop() #while结束表示当前节点node为空,即前一个节点没有左子树了
print(node.elem, end=' ')
node = node.rchild #开始查看它的右子树
def later_stack(self, root):
"""利用堆栈实现树的后序遍历"""
if root == None:
return
myStack1 = []
myStack2 = []
node = root
myStack1.append(node)
while myStack1: #这个while循环的功能是找出后序遍历的逆序,存在myStack2里面
node = myStack1.pop()
if node.lchild:
myStack1.append(node.lchild)
if node.rchild:
myStack1.append(node.rchild)
myStack2.append(node)
while myStack2: #将myStack2中的元素出栈,即为后序遍历次序
print(myStack2.pop().elem, end=' ')
def level_queue(self, root):
"""利用队列实现树的层次遍历"""
if root == None:
return
myQueue = []
node = root
myQueue.append(node)
while myQueue:
node = myQueue.pop(0)
print(node.elem, end=' ')
if node.lchild != None:
myQueue.append(node.lchild)
if node.rchild != None:
myQueue.append(node.rchild)
if __name__ == '__main__':
"""主函数"""
elems = range(10) #生成十个数据作为树节点
tree = Tree() #新建一个树对象
for elem in elems:
tree.add(elem) #逐个添加树的节点
print('队列实现层次遍历:')
tree.level_queue(tree.root)
print('\n\n递归实现先序遍历:')
tree.front_digui(tree.root)
print('\n递归实现中序遍历:')
tree.middle_digui(tree.root)
print('\n递归实现后序遍历:')
tree.later_digui(tree.root)
print('\n\n堆栈实现先序遍历:')
tree.front_stack(tree.root)
print('\n堆栈实现中序遍历:')
tree.middle_stack(tree.root)
print('\n堆栈实现后序遍历:')
tree.later_stack(tree.root)