BAD TERMINATION OF ONE OF YOUR APPLICATION PROCESSES EXIT CODE: 139

好气好气好气！
为了记录这次痛点，时隔这么久再次更新文章！

1.报错问题

在mpi编程时遇到这个问题：

===================================================================================
=   BAD TERMINATION OF ONE OF YOUR APPLICATION PROCESSES
=   EXIT CODE: 139
=   CLEANING UP REMAINING PROCESSES
=   YOU CAN IGNORE THE BELOW CLEANUP MESSAGES
===================================================================================
YOUR APPLICATION TERMINATED WITH THE EXIT STRING: Segmentation fault (signal 11)
This typically refers to a problem with your application.
Please see the FAQ page for debugging suggestions

2.原(报错)代码

#include <iostream>
#include <mpi.h>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    int rank, size;
    MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);    
    MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank);      
    MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &size);    

    if (rank == 0) {
        int num_row = 1;
        double x[] = { 1.0, 2.0 ,3.0 };
        double b[] = { 1.0, 2.5, 5.3, 3.1 };
        for (int cur_tid = 1; cur_tid < size; cur_tid++)
        {
            MPI_Send(&num_row, 1, MPI_INT, cur_tid, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
            MPI_Send(&(x[0]), 3, MPI_DOUBLE, cur_tid, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
            MPI_Send(&(b[0]), 4, MPI_DOUBLE, cur_tid, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
        }
    }
    else {
        int num_row = 0;
        double* x = new double(3);
        double* b = new double(4);
        MPI_Recv(&num_row, 1, MPI_INT, 0, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);  
        MPI_Recv(&(x[0]), 3, MPI_DOUBLE, 0, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
        MPI_Recv(&(b[0]), 5, MPI_DOUBLE, 0, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);

        cout << "I am thread " << rank << " and the num_row is " << num_row << endl;
        cout << "I am thread " << rank << " and x1 is " << x[1] << endl;
        cout << "I am thread " << rank << " and b1 is " << b[1] << endl;
    }
    MPI_Barrier(MPI_COMM_WORLD);
    MPI_Finalize();
    return 0;
}

3.报错原因

经多方查找，并未找到解决方案。

在该链接（需科学上网）上看到说MPI_Recv()接收的元素太多了。但是我并没有get到这个作者的点。现在恍然大悟。

今天看到一篇文章才发现，原来我在非0进程中定义了一个错误的变量，其中double* x = new double(3)表示动态分配一个double型存储单元，将这个单元地址赋给x，即x指向这个单元。 而我的本意是定义一个大小为3的数组！

所以应该修改为double *x=new double[3]。这样才表明是申请3个double型存储单元！！！

简言之，我的错误原因是没有分清double* x = new double(3)和double* x = new double[3]的区别。修改完成后，MPI_Recv()接收的元素和MPI_Send()发送的元素就匹配上了，也就不存在内存溢出的错误了。

4.修改后(正确)代码

#include <iostream>
#include <mpi.h>
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
    int rank, size;
    MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);    
    MPI_Comm_rank(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &rank);      
    MPI_Comm_size(MPI_COMM_WORLD, &size);    

    if (rank == 0) {
        int num_row = 1;
        double x[] = { 1.0, 2.0 ,3.0 };
        double b[] = { 1.0, 2.5, 5.3, 3.1 };
        for (int cur_tid = 1; cur_tid < size; cur_tid++)
        {
            MPI_Send(&num_row, 1, MPI_INT, cur_tid, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
            MPI_Send(&(x[0]), 3, MPI_DOUBLE, cur_tid, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
            MPI_Send(&(b[0]), 4, MPI_DOUBLE, cur_tid, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD);
        }
    }
    else {
        int num_row = 0;
        double* x = new double[3];//注意，就是这一行
        double* b = new double[4];//注意，就是这一行
        MPI_Recv(&num_row, 1, MPI_INT, 0, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);  
        MPI_Recv(&(x[0]), 3, MPI_DOUBLE, 0, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);
        MPI_Recv(&(b[0]), 5, MPI_DOUBLE, 0, 0, MPI_COMM_WORLD, MPI_STATUS_IGNORE);

        cout << "I am thread " << rank << " and the num_row is " << num_row << endl;
        cout << "I am thread " << rank << " and x1 is " << x[1] << endl;
        cout << "I am thread " << rank << " and b1 is " << b[1] << endl;
    }
    MPI_Barrier(MPI_COMM_WORLD);
    MPI_Finalize();
    return 0;
}

5.总结

如果你的错误和我不一样，那一定要好好检查发送和接受的大小问题，本质上应该是一致的。这个错误烦了我好几天，一直没找到原因，最终发现是我的基础没打牢，错误居然就是一个中括号和小括号的区别，还需要继续努力呀！

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