Cheerleaders（容斥原理）

In most professional sporting events, cheerleaders play a major role in entertaining the spectators. Their
roles are substantial during breaks and prior to start of play. The world cup soccer is no exception.
Usually the cheerleaders form a group and perform at the centre of the field. In addition to this group,
some of them are placed outside the side line so they are closer to the spectators. The organizers would
like to ensure that at least one cheerleader is located on each of the four sides. For this problem, we
will model the playing ground as an M × N rectangular grid. The constraints for placing cheerleaders
are described below:
• There should be at least one cheerleader on each of the four sides. Note that, placing a cheerleader
on a corner cell would cover two sides simultaneously.
• There can be at most one cheerleader in a cell.
• All the cheerleaders available must be assigned to a cell. That is, none of them can be left out.

The organizers would like to know, how many ways they can place the cheerleaders while maintaining
the above constraints. Two placements are different, if there is at least one cell which contains a
cheerleader in one of the placement but not in the other.
Input
The first line of input contains a positive integer T ≤ 50, which denotes the number of test cases. T
lines then follow each describing one test case. Each case consists of three nonnegative integers, 2 ≤ M,
N ≤ 20 and K ≤ 500. Here M is the number of rows and N is the number of columns in the grid. K
denotes the number of cheerleaders that must be assigned to the cells in the grid.
Output
For each case of input, there will be one line of output. It will first contain the case number followed by
the number of ways to place the cheerleaders as described earlier. Look at the sample output for exact
formatting. Note that, the numbers can be arbitrarily large. Therefore you must output the answers
modulo 1000007.
Sample Input
2
2 2 1
2 3 2
Sample Output
Case 1: 0
Case 2: 2
将情况分为不含第一行集合A，不含最后一行集合B，不含第一列集合C，不含最后一列集合D。通过枚举0-15，(0000,0001,0010,0011—1111每一位为则代表选中该集合)，对用的b统计集合如果是奇数则sum减去，如果统计的集合b为偶数sum,加上。
对于容斥原理，集合数目为偶数则该统计集合包含的情况数目应该减去，如果是偶数则应该加上。

#include <stdio.h>
long long