缓存控制
在http中,控制缓存开关的字段有两个:Pragma 和 Cache-Control。
Pragma
Pragma有两个字段Pragma和Expires。Pragma的值为no-cache时,表示禁用缓存,Expires的值是一个GMT时间,表示该缓存的有效时间。
Pragma是旧产物,已经逐步抛弃,有些网站为了向下兼容还保留了这两个字段。如果一个报文中同时出现Pragma和Cache-Control时,以Pragma为准。同时出现Cache-Control和Expires时,以Cache-Control为准。即优先级从高到低是 Pragma -> Cache-Control -> Expires
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;
@WebServlet( "/CheckCode")
public class CheckCode extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//让浏览器每隔一段时间自动刷新
response.setHeader("refresh","3");
//在内存中创建一个图片
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(80, 20, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
//得到笔
Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
//设置图片的背景颜色
graphics.setColor(Color.white);
//填充图形
graphics.fillRect(0,0,80,20);
//给图片写数据
graphics.setColor(Color.BLACK);
graphics.setFont(new Font(null,Font.BOLD,20));
graphics.drawString(makeNum(),0,20);
//告诉浏览器这个请求用图片的格式打开
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
//不让浏览器缓存
response.setDateHeader("expires",-1);
response.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-Cache");
response.setHeader("pragma","no-Cache");
//把图片写给浏览器
ImageIO.write(image,"jpeg",response.getOutputStream());
}
private String makeNum()
{
Random random = new Random();
String s = random.nextInt(99999999) + "";
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
for(int i=0;i<8-s.length();i++)
buffer.append("0");
s=buffer.toString()+s;
return s;
}
}