实验九 Linux共享内存通信

写：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<semaphore.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<sys/mman.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<sys/sem.h>
#include<sys/shm.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<string.h>


#define BUFFER_SIZE 12
#define sem_name "mysem"
struct People
{
	int age;
	char name[12];

};

int main()
{
	int shmid;
	sem_t* sem;
	int age=10,i=1;
	char buff[BUFFER_SIZE];
	key_t shmkey;
	shmkey=ftok("main.c",0);
	//创建共享内存和信号量的IPC，创建的是命名信号量
	sem=sem_open(sem_name,O_CREAT,0644,1);

//	printf("--------------------------\n");

	if(sem=SEM_FAILED)
	{
		printf("unable to create semephore!");
		sem_unlink(sem_name);
		exit(-1);
	}
	//创建或获得一个共享内存存储标识符
	shmid=shmget(shmkey,1024,0666 | IPC_CREAT);
	if(shmid==-1)
	{
		printf("create shm failed\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	//将共享内存映射到当前进程的地址中，之后直接对进程中的地址addr的操作就是对共享内存的操作
	struct People *addr=(struct People*)shmat(shmid,0,0);
	if(addr==-1)
		printf("shm shmat failed\n");

	printf("----------------------\n");

	//向共享内存写入数据
	addr->age=0;//第一个元素作为可供消费的产品数不存放产品

	printf("-----------------\n");

	do
	{
		sem_wait(sem);
		//memset(buff,0,BUFFER_SIZE);

		printf("-----------------------\n");

		printf("写进程：输入一些姓名（不超过10个字符）到共享内存（输入quit退出）:\n");
		if(fgets(buff,BUFFER_SIZE,stdin)==NULL)
		{
			perror("fgets");
			sem_post(sem);
			break;
		}
		strncpy((addr+i)->name,buff,strlen(buff)-1);//复制指定长度的字符串
				(addr+i)->age=++age;
				i++;
				sem_post(sem);
	}while(strncmp(buff,"quit",4)!=0);
	//将共享内存与当前进程断开
	if(shmdt(addr)==-1)
		printf("shmdt failed\n");
		sem_close(sem);
		sem_unlink(sem_name);
		
	return 0;
}

读：

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<semaphore.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<sys/mman.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<sys/sem.h>
#include<sys/shm.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<string.h>

#define BUFFER_SIZE 10
#define sem_name "mysem"

int main()
{
	int shmid;
	sem_t* sem;
	int i=1;
	key_t shmkey;
	shmkey=ftok("test.c",0);
	struct People
	{
		char name[10];
		int age;
	};
	//读取共享内存和信号量的IPC
	sem=sem_open(sem_name,0,0644,0);
	if(sem==SEM_FAILED)
	{
		printf("unable to open semaphore");
		sem_close(sem);
		exit(1);
	}
	shmid=shmget(shmkey,0,0666);
	if(shmid==-1)
	{
		printf("create shm failed\n");
		exit(0);
	}
	//将共享内存映射到当前进程的地址中，之后直接对进程中的地址addr的操作就是对共享内存的操作
	struct People* addr=shmat(shmid,0,0);
	if(addr==-1)
	{
		printf("shm shmat failed\n");
		exit(0);
	}
	//读数据
	do
	{
		printf("----------------------\n");

		sem_wait(sem);

		printf("-----------------------------------\n");

		if(addr->age>0)
		{
			printf("\n读进程：绑定到共享内存%p:姓名 %d  %s,年龄%d\n",addr,i,(addr+i)->name,(addr+i)->age);
			addr->age--;
			if(strncmp((addr+i)->name,"quit",4)==0)
				break;
			i++;
		}
		sem_post(sem);
		sleep(1);
	}while(1);

	sem_close(sem);
	//将共享内存与当前进程断开
	if(shmdt(addr)==-1)
		printf("shmdt failed\n");
	if(shmctl(shmid,IPC_RMID,NULL)==-1)
		printf("shmctl delete error\n");

	return 0;
}

ftok函数详解
命名信号量的创建、销毁