1、创建字典
a = {
"吕布":"口口布",
"关羽":"关习习"
}
2、更新字典
a["吕布"]="bubu"
print(a) {'吕布': 'bubu', '关羽': '关习习'}
3、新增元素
a["刘备"]="beibei"
print(a) #{'吕布': 'bubu', '关羽': '关习习', '刘备': 'beibei'}
4、删除元素
a.pop("吕布")
print(a) #{'关羽': '关习习', '刘备': 'beibei'}
del a["吕布"]
print(a) #{'关羽': '关习习', '刘备': 'beibei'}
5、清空字典
a.clear()
print(a) # {}
6、删除字典
del a
print(a) # name 'a' is not defined
7、批量更新
a.update(关羽="guanyu",刘备="liubei")
print(a) #{'关羽': 'guanyu', '刘备': 'liubei'}
8、查找
print(a["c"]) #报错
print(a.get("c")) #字典中没有就返回None,不会报错
print(a.get("c", "这里没有c")) #指定默认返回值
9、len()
a.len() #获取字典的长度
10、in ,not in
print("lv" in a ) #False
11、获取键值对,获取键,获取值
print(a.items()) #dict_items([('关羽', 'guanyu'), ('刘备', 'liubei')])
print(a.keys()) #dict_keys(['关羽', '刘备'])
print(a.values()) #dict_values(['guanyu', 'liubei'])
12、嵌套字典
a = {
"吕布": "口口布",
"刘备": {"语文": 80, "数学": 90},
"关羽": [60, 70, 80]
}
print(a["刘备"]["数学"]) #90
print(a["关羽"][1]) # 70
13,字典的推导式
d = {"t": 70, "a": 80, "b": 50, "l": 30, "e": 90}
c = {v:K for K,v in d.items()} # k,v的值转换
print(c)
输出结果 :{70: 't', 80: 'a', 50: 'b', 30: 'l', 90: 'e'}
x = {x:ord(x) for x in "table"} #计算Unicode编码
print(x) #{'t': 116, 'a': 97, 'b': 98, 'l': 108, 'e': 101}