Filter:过滤器,用于过滤网站的数据;
- 处理中文乱码
- 登陆验证
Filter开发步骤
这里先创建一个普通的Maven项目
创建完后在项目右键,点击
导入需要的包
pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.godairo</groupId>
<artifactId>javaweb-filter</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
</dependency>
<!--JSTL表达式的依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--standard标签库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--连接数据库-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
这里导入的包不能错。
CharacterEncodingFilter.java
package com.godairo.filter;
import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
public class CharacterEncodingFilter implements Filter {
//初始化:web服务器启动,就开始初始化了,随时等待过滤对象出现!
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter初始化");
}
//chain:链
/*
1.过滤器中的所有代码,在过滤特定请求的时候,都会执行
2.必须要让过滤器继续通行
chain.doFilter(request,response);
3.
*/
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行前......");
chain.doFilter(request,response); //让我们的请求继续走,如果不写,程序到这里就被拦截停止。
System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter执行后......");
}
//销毁:web服务器关闭的时候,过滤会销毁
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("CharacterEncodingFilter销毁");
}
}
这是过滤器,其实和Servlet差不多,实现Filter接口,我们在这里的初始化和销毁操作输出一下,一会儿测试,中间的doFilter是我们要过滤的语句,在写完之后必须要让过滤器继续通行,得加上这条语句:
chain.doFilter(request,response);
这条语句是让我们的额请求继续走,如果不写的话,程序到这里会被拦截停止
然后我们去写Servlet
ShowServlet.java
package com.godairo.servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class ShowServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().write("您好,世界!");
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
super.doPost(req, resp);
}
}
接下来我们就配置一下web.xml
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.godairo.servlet.ShowServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/servlet/show</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>ShowServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/show</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.godairo.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<!--只要是/servlet下的任何请求,都会经过这个过滤器。-->
<url-pattern>/servlet/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
这里的<servlet-mapping>我们测试两个,一个是在servlet下面的show,一个直接写show,我们的过滤器配置里加上servlet,这样我们测试一下结果
运行测试
我们直接访问show,中文乱码没有解决
因为我们在配置过滤器的时候,前面加了servlet路径
我们在show前面加一个servlet,中文乱码就解决了