使用SpringBoot、easyexcel批量导入excel数据到elasticsearch

问题说明:

若使用java直接批量导入大量数据到elasticsearch服务器则会报错:

Unable to parse response body
org.elasticsearch.client.ResponseException: method [POST], host [http://127.0.0.1:9200], URI [/_bulk?timeout=1m], status line [HTTP/1.1 413 Request Entity Too Large]

解决办法：
使用easyexcel分批次导入

easyexcel官方文档

下面是解决办法

1、首先添加pom依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.kv</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <elasticsearch.version>7.12.0</elasticsearch.version>
        <hutool.version>5.7.14</hutool.version>
        <poi-ooxml.version>5.0.0</poi-ooxml.version>
        <fastjson.version>1.2.78</fastjson.version>
        <easyexcel.version>2.2.11</easyexcel.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
            <version>${easyexcel.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--ES的client-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>${elasticsearch.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

2、配置项目

1. 配置ES地址:

@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="elasticsearch")
public class ElasticSearchConfig {

    private String host;

    private int port;

    public String getHost() {
        return host;
    }

    public void setHost(String host) {
        this.host = host;
    }

    public int getPort() {
        return port;
    }

    public void setPort(int port) {
        this.port = port;
    }
    @Bean
    public RestHighLevelClient client(){
        return new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(
                new HttpHost(host,port,"http")
        ));
    }
}

2、配置文件application.yml

server:
  port: 8080

elasticsearch:
  host: localhost
  port: 9200

3、创建索引添加映射

索引就是类似与数据库的库，而映射就类似与数据库表的字段
创建一个news的索引:http://192.168.8.125:9200/news
注意是put请求

返回结果:

然后添加映射:http://192.168.8.125:9200/news/_mapping
也是put请求

请求体:

{
	"properties": {
		"title": {
			"type": "text",
			"index": true
		},
        "body": {
			"type": "text",
			"index": true
		}
	}
}

返回结果:

4、创建java实体类news

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class News {
    private String title;
    private String body;
}

5、创建业务类用于导入数据

NewsService

public interface NewsService {
    /**
     * 导入数据
     * @param news
     */
    public void importData(List<News> news);

    /**
     * 关闭链接
     */
    public void closeClient();
}

NewsServiceImpl

@Service
public class NewsServiceImpl implements NewsService {
    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;
    @Override
    public void importData(List<News> news) {
        BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
        for (News n : news) {
            request.add(new IndexRequest().index("news").source(JSON.toJSONString(n), XContentType.JSON));
        }
        try {
            //客户端发送请求，获取响应对象
            BulkResponse responses = client.bulk(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
            //打印结果信息
            System.out.println("took:"+responses.getTook());
            System.out.println("items:"+responses.getItems());
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /**
     * 关闭链接
     */
    @Override
    public void closeClient() {
        if(client!=null){
            try {
                client.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

}

6、创建NewsListener监听器

我使用的easyexcel来读取excel
easyexcel官网

NewsListener:

@Slf4j
public class NewsListener extends AnalysisEventListener<News> {

    /**
     * 每隔5条存储数据库，实际使用中可以3000条，然后清理list ，方便内存回收
     */
    private static final int BATCH_COUNT = 3000;
    /**
     * 缓存的数据
     */
    private List<News> list = new ArrayList<>(BATCH_COUNT);

    private NewsService newsService;

    /**
     * 如果使用了spring,请使用这个构造方法。每次创建Listener的时候需要把spring管理的类传进来
     *
     * @param newsService
     */
    public NewsListener(NewsService newsService) {
        this.newsService =newsService ;
    }
    /**
     * 这个每一条数据解析都会来调用
     *
     * @param data    one row value. Is is same as {@link AnalysisContext#readRowHolder()}
     * @param analysisContext
     */
    @Override
    public void invoke(News data, AnalysisContext analysisContext) {
        log.info("解析到一条数据:{}", JSON.toJSONString(data));
        list.add(data);
        // 达到BATCH_COUNT了，需要去存储一次数据库，防止数据几万条数据在内存，容易OOM
        if (list.size() >= BATCH_COUNT) {
            saveData();
            // 存储完成清理 list
            list = new ArrayList<>(BATCH_COUNT);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 所有数据解析完成了 都会来调用
     *
     * @param analysisContext
     */
    @Override
    public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext analysisContext) {
        // 这里也要保存数据，确保最后遗留的数据也存储到数据库
        saveData();
        //关闭链接
        newsService.closeClient();
        log.info("所有数据解析完成,关闭连接！");
    }
    /**
     * 加上存储数据库
     */
    private void saveData() {
        log.info("{}条数据，开始存储数据库！", list.size());
        newsService.importData(list);
        log.info("存储数据库成功！");
    }
}

7、导入测试

@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest
class DemoApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private NewsService newsService;

    @Test
    public void testSave(){
        String fileName = "src/main/resources/excel/news_no_duplicated20210204.xlsx";
        // 这里每次会读取3000条数据 然后返回过来 直接调用使用数据就行
        // 这里 需要指定读用哪个class去读，然后读取第一个sheet 文件流会自动关闭
        EasyExcel.read(fileName, News.class, new NewsListener(newsService)).sheet().doRead();
    }



}

说明:news_no_duplicated20210204.xlsx文件就只有两列分别与news实体类对应，即:title、body两列