构建自己的CentOS

前言

Docker Hub 中99% 的镜像都是通过在base镜像（Scratch）中安装和配置需要的软件构建出来的

1. 编写DockerFile

目的：使我们自己的镜像具备如下：登陆后的默认路径、vim编辑器、查看网络配置ifconfig支持
准备编写DockerFlie文件

思路

mkdir dockerfile # 创建个文件夹dockerfile，在此文件夹下操作
vim mydockerfile-centos # 在mydockerfile-centos下编写镜像
开始编写，编写完成后：wq保存
cat mydockerfile-centos # 查看

实施过程

[root@localhost home]# mkdir dockerfile
[root@localhost home]# cd dockerfile
[root@localhost dockerfile]# vim mydockerfile-centos
[root@localhost dockerfile]# cat mydockerfile-centos

编写的mydockerfile-centos的内容

FROM centos
MAINTAINER mayxue<邮箱>
ENV MYPATH /usr/local
WORKDIR $MYPATH
RUN yum -y install vim
RUN yum -y install net-tools
EXPOSE 80
CMD echo $MYPATH
CMD echo "----------end--------"
CMD /bin/bash

2. 构建

思路
到 docker build 命令最后有一个 “.” , “.” 表示当前目录

# 开始构建
docker build -f dockerfile文件路径 -t 镜像名:[版本号] .

最后出现
Successfully built fca5e7d8ee43
Successfully tagged mycentos:0.1
说明构建成功

具体操作

[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker build -f mydockerfile-centos -t mycentos:0.1 .

3. 测试运行

思路

docker images # 查看镜像，发现已经存在mycentos
docker run -it mycentos:0.1 # 运行
测试pwd命令 出现的/usr/local是我们之前编写指定的
测试ipconfig命令

docker history 镜像id查看当前镜像的构建历史

[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mycentos            0.1                 fca5e7d8ee43        2 minutes ago       291MB
[root@2307bdce8a66 local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@2307bdce8a66 local]# ifconfig
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.2  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 8  bytes 656 (656.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@2307bdce8a66 local]# exit
exit
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mycentos            0.1                 fca5e7d8ee43        13 minutes ago      291MB
tomcat              latest              040bdb29ab37        3 weeks ago         649MB
nginx               latest              f6d0b4767a6c        3 weeks ago         133MB
centos              latest              300e315adb2f        2 months ago        209MB
[root@localhost dockerfile]# docker history fca5e7d8ee43
IMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT
fca5e7d8ee43        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "/bin…   0B                  
2b81454930de        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B                  
0d3172a0e330        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B                  
0174a9bf7551        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  EXPOSE 80                    0B                  
2738057d803c        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c yum -y install net-tools             23.3MB              
3240caab10d1        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c yum -y install vim                   58.1MB              
38b5b8974eee        18 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /usr/local            0B                  
916a12e41e17        18 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV MYPATH=/usr/local        0B                  
697cfaced367        18 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  MAINTAINER mayxue<simeixu…   0B                  
300e315adb2f        2 months ago        /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B                  
<missing>           2 months ago        /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL org.label-schema.sc…   0B                  
<missing>           2 months ago        /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:bd7a2aed6ede423b7…   209MB               
[root@localhost dockerfile]# 

4. 和官方的对比

官方的docker镜像
默认路径是/
不支持vim、不支持pwd、不支持ifconfig

我们构建的CentOS：
默认路径是/usr/local
支持vim、支持pwd、支持ifconfig