DHCP及其[中继]基于HCL环境的配置与验证

实验背景：DHCP、DHCP中继的场景复现及验证。

DHCP初步实现

1、拓扑如下：

 路由器配置ip：

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 192.168.1.254 24
//配置g0/0口ip及掩码

2. 启动服务

[R1]dhcp enable                               //开启dhcp服务

[R1]DHCP server ip-pool ?          

  STRING<1-63>  DHCP pool name

[R1]dhcp server ip-pool 1                     //创建地址池并命名为“1”             

3. 指定ip段，分配网关和DNS服务器ip

[R1-dhcp-pool-1]network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
//指定分配的ip段


[R1-dhcp-pool-1]gateway-list 192.168.1.254
//分配网关


[R1-dhcp-pool-1]dns-list 114.114.114.114
//配置DNS服务器ip

4. DHCP封存ip段

[R1]dhcp server forbidden-ip 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.10
//拒绝某个IP段被自动分配出去

5. DHCP验证;

pc开启接口，选择DHCP，然后多刷几次，

此时在PC3上Ping PC4和网关都是可以通的，

<H3C>ping 192.168.1.254
Ping 192.168.1.254 (192.168.1.254): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 192.168.1.254: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=6.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=5.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=9.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=6.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.254: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=6.000 ms

--- Ping statistics for 192.168.1.254 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 5.000/6.400/9.000/1.356 ms
<H3C>%Nov  5 23:10:22:721 2023 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 192.168.1.254: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 5.000/6.400/9.000/1.356 ms.

<H3C>ping 192.168.1.13
Ping 192.168.1.13 (192.168.1.13): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
56 bytes from 192.168.1.13: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.13: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.13: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.13: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms
56 bytes from 192.168.1.13: icmp_seq=4 ttl=255 time=0.000 ms

--- Ping statistics for 192.168.1.13 ---
5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.000/0.000/0.000/0.000 ms
<H3C>%Nov  5 23:09:41:084 2023 H3C PING/6/PING_STATISTICS: Ping statistics for 192.168.1.13: 5 packet(s) transmitted, 5 packet(s) received, 0.0% packet loss, round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 0.000/0.000/0.000/0.000 ms.

DHCP中继实现：

1、拓扑如下：

 2、中继服务器的配置

[H3C]interface g0/0
[H3C-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 192.168.1.254 24
//配置g0/0口ip

[H3C]interface g0/1
[H3C-GigabitEthernet0/1]ip add 192.168.2.254 24
//配置g0/1口ip

3. DHCP服务器配置

[H3C]sys dhcp server

[dhcp server]interface g0/0

[dhcp server-GigabitEthernet0/0]ip add 192.168.2.1 24

模拟路由网关效果：

[dhcp server-GigabitEthernet0/0]qu

[dhcp server]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.2.254

配置DHCP服务：

[dhcp server]dhcp server ip-pool 1
//地址池命名        

[dhcp server-dhcp-pool-1]network 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0
//配置地址池

[dhcp server-dhcp-pool-1]gateway-list 192.168.1.254
//配置网关

4、开启中继

返回中继服务器的g0/0口

[H3C]dhcp enable
//开始中继服务

[H3C]interface g0/0

[H3C-GigabitEthernet0/0]dhcp select relay
//开启中继功能

[H3C-GigabitEthernet0/0]dhcp relay server-address 192.168.2.1
//将g0/0口广播到的报文单播到192.168.2.1

中继结束。

5、验证

pc设备打开接口，选择DHCP，