快速读入、快速输出模板

数字读入输出： 

速度较scanf、printf缩短约2/3.

#include<cstdio>
#include<cstring>
#include<cctype>//isdigit

inline int readint(){
	char c = getchar();
	while(!isdigit(c)) c = getchar();
	int x = 0;
	while(isdigit(c)){
		x = x * 10 + c - '0';
		c = getchar();
	}
	return x;
}

int buf[10];
inline void writeint(int i){
	int p = 0;
	if(i == 0) p++;
	else while(i){
		buf[p++] = i % 10;
		i /= 10;
	}
	for(int j = p - 1; j >= 0; j--) putchar('0' + buf[j]);
}

int main(){
	int n, c[105] = {0};
	while(n = readint()){
		for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) c[readint()]++;
		for(int i = 1; i <= 100; i++){
			for(int j = 0; j < c[i]; j++){
				writeint(i);
				putchar(' ');
			}
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

 单个字符读入：

char readchar(){
	char ch;
	for(;;){
		ch = getchar();
		if((ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z') || (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')) return ch;
	}
}