Spring学习笔记（别名，导入，依赖注入）

别名（alias)

见字如意，就是给bean对象起一个别名，在代码中可用别名获取该对象

用法 <alias name="原名" alias="取成的别名"/>    或

<bean id="bean对象ID" class="类名" name="别名1，别名2，...，别名n">

其中第二种别名取法，之间可用其它符号代替逗号分隔，如别名1；别名2

<alias name="people" alias="xiaozhou"/>
<bean id="people" class="com.qian.test1.People" name="zhouzhou,KOGmaw"/>

---

导入（import）

可以将多个配置文件导入到一个文件中

<import resource="beans.xml"/>
<import resource="beans2.xml"/>
<import resource="beans3.xml"/>

---

依赖注入（DI）

 bean.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="people" class="com.qian.test1.People"/>

    <bean id="test" class="com.qian.test1.DItest">

        <!--值注入-->
        <property name="str" value="str"></property>

        <!--bean注入，使用ref-->
        <property name="people" ref="people"></property>

        <!--给属性赋null值-->
        <property name="nullstr">
            <null></null>
        </property>

        <!--数组注入，使用array-->
        <property name="strs">
            <array>
                <value>str1</value>
                <value>str2</value>
            </array>
        </property>

        <!--List注入，使用list-->
        <property name="strlist">
            <list>
                <value>strlist1</value>
                <value>strlist2</value>
            </list>
        </property>

        <!--Set注入，使用set-->
        <property name="pset">
            <set>
                <!--因为注入的是People对象，所以我这也用了bean注入-->
                <ref bean="people"></ref>
            </set>
        </property>

        <!--Map注入，使用map+entry-->
        <property name="ismap">
            <map>
                <entry key="22" value="strmap1"></entry>
                <entry key="222" value="strmap2"></entry>
            </map>
        </property>

        <!--property注入，props+prop-->
        <property name="properties">
            <props>
                <prop key="author">Medivhm</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

People类：

package com.qian.test1;

public class People {
    private String name;
    private int age;
    private String address;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

DItest类：

package com.qian.test1;

import java.util.*;

public class DItest {
    private String str;
    private People people;
    private String nullstr;
    private String[] strs;
    private List<String> strlist;
    private Set<People> pset;
    private Map<Integer,String> ismap;
    private Properties properties;

    public String getStr() {
        return str;
    }

    public void setStr(String str) {
        this.str = str;
    }

    public String getNullstr() {
        return nullstr;
    }

    public void setNullstr(String nullstr) {
        this.nullstr = nullstr;
    }

    public String[] getStrs() { return strs; }

    public void setStrs(String[] strs) {
        this.strs = strs;
    }

    public List<String> getStrlist() {
        return strlist;
    }

    public void setStrlist(List<String> strlist) { this.strlist = strlist; }

    public Set<People> getPset() {
        return pset;
    }

    public void setPset(Set<People> pset) {
        this.pset = pset;
    }

    public Map<Integer, String> getIsmap() {
        return ismap;
    }

    public void setIsmap(Map<Integer, String> ismap) {
        this.ismap = ismap;
    }

    public Properties getProperties() {
        return properties;
    }

    public void setProperties(Properties properties) {
        this.properties = properties;
    }

    public People getPeople() {
        return people;
    }

    public void setPeople(People people) {
        this.people = people;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "DItest{" +
                "str='" + str + '\'' +
                ", people=" + people +
                ", nullstr='" + nullstr + '\'' +
                ", strs=" + Arrays.toString(strs) +
                ", strlist=" + strlist +
                ", pset=" + pset +
                ", ismap=" + ismap +
                ", properties=" + properties +
                '}';
    }
}

测试类：

import com.qian.test1.DItest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args){
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans2.xml");
        DItest test=(DItest)context.getBean("test");
        System.out.println(test.toString());
    }
}

 运行结果：

DItest{str='str', people=com.qian.test1.People@769f71a9, nullstr='null', strs=[str1, str2], strlist=[strlist1, strlist2], pset=[com.qian.test1.People@769f71a9], ismap={22=strmap1, 222=strmap2}, properties={author=Medivhm}}

      具体内容可以去Spring官网文档上查阅---1.4.2. Dependencies and Configuration int Detail

Core Technologies (spring.io)https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.0.RELEASE/spring-framework-reference/core.html#beans-collection-elements