目录
1）用刚刚查到的密码进入MySQL（如果报错，给密码加单引号）
2）设置复杂密码（由于MySQL密码策略，此密码必须足够复杂）
Hive整合MySQL
安装MySQL
1）上传MySQL安装包以及MySQL驱动jar包
mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tarmysql-connector-java-5.1.37.jar
2）解压MySQL安装包
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ mkdir mysql_lib
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ tar -xf mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C mysql_lib/3）卸载系统自带的mariadb
[lzl@hadoop12~]$ sudo rpm -qa | grep mariadb | xargs sudo rpm -e --nodeps4）安装MySQL依赖
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ cd mysql_lib
[lzl@hadoop12mysql_lib]$ sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[lzl@hadoop12mysql_lib]$ sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[lzl@hadoop12mysql_lib]$ sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm5）安装mysql-client
[lzl@hadoop12mysql_lib]$ sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm6）安装mysql-server
[lzl@hadoop12mysql_lib]$ sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm注意：若出现以下错误
warning: 05_mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64解决办法：
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ sudo yum -y install libaio7）启动MySQL
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ sudo systemctl start mysqld8）查看MySQL密码
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ sudo cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep password配置MySQL
配置主要是root用户 + 密码，在任何主机上都能登录MySQL数据库。
1）用刚刚查到的密码进入MySQL（如果报错，给密码加单引号）
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ mysql -uroot -p'password'2）设置复杂密码（由于MySQL密码策略，此密码必须足够复杂）
mysql> set password=password("Qs23=zs32");3）更改MySQL密码策略
mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=4;4）设置简单好记的密码
mysql> set password=password("123456");5）进入MySQL库
mysql> use mysql6）查询user表
mysql> select user, host from user;7）修改user表，把Host表内容修改为%
mysql> update user set host="%" where user="root";8）刷新
mysql> flush privileges;9）退出
mysql> quit;卸载MySQL说明
若因为安装失败或者其他原因，MySQL需要卸载重装，可参考以下内容。
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清空原有数据
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通过
/etc/my.cnf查看MySQL数据的存储位置[lzl@hadoop12software]$ sudo cat /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql -
去往
/var/lib/mysql路径需要root权限[lzl@hadoop12mysql]$ su - root [root@hadoop12~]# cd /var/lib/mysql [root@hadoop12mysql]# rm -rf *
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卸载MySQL相关包
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查看安装过的MySQL相关包
1[lzl@hadoop12software]$ sudo rpm -qa | grep -i -E mysql输出示例：
mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64 mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64 mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64 mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64 -
一键卸载命令
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ rpm -qa | grep -i -E mysql\|mariadb | xargs -n1 sudo rpm -e --nodeps
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配置Hive元数据存储到MySQL
配置元数据到MySQL
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新建Hive元数据库
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登录MySQL
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ mysql -uroot -p123456 -
创建Hive元数据库
mysql> create database metastore; mysql> quit;
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将MySQL的JDBC驱动拷贝到Hive的lib目录下
[lzl@hadoop12software]$ cp /opt/software/mysql-connector-java-5.1.37.jar $HIVE_HOME/lib -
在
$HIVE_HOME/conf目录下新建hive-site.xml文件[lzl@hadoop12software]$ vim $HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-site.xml添加如下内容：
<?xml version="1.0"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <!-- jdbc连接的URL --> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://hadoop12:3306/metastore?useSSL=false</value> </property> <!-- jdbc连接的Driver --> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <!-- jdbc连接的username --> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>root</value> </property> <!-- jdbc连接的password --> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>123456</value> </property> <!-- Hive默认在HDFS的工作目录 --> <property> <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name> <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value> </property> </configuration> -
初始化Hive元数据库（修改为采用MySQL存储元数据）
[lzl@hadoop12hive]$ bin/schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema -verbose
验证元数据是否配置成功
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再次启动Hive
[lzl@hadoop12hive]$ bin/hive -
使用Hive
hive> show databases; hive> show tables; hive> create table stu(id int, name string); hive> insert into stu values(1,"ss"); hive> select * from stu; -
在Xshell窗口中开启另一个窗口开启Hive（两个窗口都可以操作Hive，没有出现异常）
hive> show databases; hive> show tables; hive> select * from stu;
查看MySQL中的元数据
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登录MySQL
[lzl@hadoop12hive]$ mysql -uroot -p123456 -
查看元数据库
metastoremysql> show databases; mysql> use metastore; mysql> show tables;-
查看元数据库中存储的库信息
mysql> select * from DBS; +-------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+---------+------------+------------+-----------+ | DB_ID | DESC | DB_LOCATION_URI | NAME | OWNER_NAME | OWNER_TYPE | CTLG_NAME | +-------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+---------+------------+------------+-----------+ | 1 | Default Hive database | hdfs://hadoop12:8020/user/hive/warehouse | default | public | ROLE | hive | +-------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+---------+------------+------------+-----------+ -
查看元数据库中存储的表信息
mysql> select * from TBLS; +--------+-------------+-------+------------------+---------+------------+-----------+-------+----------+---------------+ | TBL_ID | CREATE_TIME | DB_ID | LAST_ACCESS_TIME | OWNER | OWNER_TYPE | RETENTION | SD_ID | TBL_NAME | TBL_TYPE | +--------+-------------+-------+------------------+---------+------------+-----------+-------+----------+---------------+ | 1 | 1656318303 | 1 | 0 | lzl | USER | 0 | 1 | stu | MANAGED_TABLE | +--------+-------------+-------+------------------+---------+------------+-----------+-------+----------+---------------+ -
查看元数据库中存储的表中列相关信息
mysql> select * from COLUMNS_V2; +-------+----------+---------+------------+-------------+-------------+--------+ | CS_ID | CAT_NAME | DB_NAME | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | COLUMN_TYPE | TBL_ID | +-------+----------+---------+------------+-------------+-------------+--------+ | 1 | hive | default | stu | id | int | 1 | | 2 | hive | default | stu | name | string | 1 | +-------+----------+---------+------------+-------------+-------------+--------+
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