Servlet——ServletContext 对象

WEB容器在启动时，它会为每个Web应用程序都创建一个对应的ServletContext，它代表当前Web应用。并且它被所有客户端共享。

ServletContext对象可以通过ServletConfig.getServletContext()方法获得对ServletContext对象的引用，也可以通过this.getServletContext()方法获得其对象的引用。

由于一个WEB应用中的所有Servlet共享同一个ServletContext对象，因此Servlet对象之间可以通过ServletContext对象来实现通讯。ServletContext对象通常也被称之为context域对象。公共聊天室就会用到它。

当web应用关闭、Tomcat关闭或者Web应用reload的时候，ServletContext对象会被销毁
下面是ServletContext对象应用的一个实现

这是写入数据的一个servlet

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        String username = "张亚龙";
        context.setAttribute("username",username);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

这是读取的一个servlet

package com.kuang.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class GetServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        String username = (String)context.getAttribute("username");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().print("名字"+username);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

再下面是xml配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0"
         metadata-complete="true">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.kuang.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>hello</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/hello</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.kuang.servlet.GetServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/getc</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

这是访问运行写入的servlet

这是读取的servlet运行结果图