前言：
根据我们在RabbitMQ入门里面所了解到的，我们知道了生产端和消费端是通过队列来进行消息互通的，但其实在生产端加入队列的时候还要进行一步操作，也就是我们今天所讲的交换机。
交换机
交换机属性：
Name：交换机名称
Type：交换机类型 direct、topic、fanout、headers
Durability：是否需要持久化，true为持久化
Auto Delete：当最后一个绑定到Exchange上的队列删除后，自动删除该Exchange
Internal：当前Exchange是否用于RabbitMQ内部使用，默认为False
Arguments：扩展参数，用于扩展AMQP协议，定制化使用
直流交换机
直连交换机Direct Exchange（完全匹配路由key）
所有发送到Direct Exchange的消息会被转发到RouteKey中指定的Queue
注意：Direct模式可以使用RabbitMQ自带的Exchange：default Exchange，所以不需要将Exchange进行任何绑定（binding）操作，消息传递时，RouteKey必须完全匹配才会被队列接收，否则该消息会被抛弃；
消费端代码
package com.dengrenli.rabbitmqapi.exchange.direct;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
/**
* @author小科比
* @site www.dengrenli.com
* @company 科比公司
* @create 2019-12-24 14:55
*/
public class Consumer4DirectExchange {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory() ;
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.149.133");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
connectionFactory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled(true);
connectionFactory.setNetworkRecoveryInterval(3000);
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//4 声明
String exchangeName = "test_direct_exchange";
String exchangeType = "direct";
String queueName = "test_direct_queue";
String routingKey = "test.direct";
//表示声明了一个交换机
channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, exchangeType, true, false, false, null);
//表示声明了一个队列
channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);
//建立一个绑定关系:
channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
//durable 是否持久化消息
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
//参数：队列名称、是否自动ACK、Consumer
channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
//循环获取消息
while(true){
//获取消息，如果没有消息，这一步将会一直阻塞
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String msg = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println("收到消息：" + msg);
}
}
}
生产端代码
package com.dengrenli.rabbitmqapi.exchange.direct;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
/**
* @author小科比
* @site www.dengrenli.com
* @company 科比公司
* @create 2019-12-24 14:55
*/
public class Producer4DirectExchange {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1 创建ConnectionFactory
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.149.133");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
//2 创建Connection
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
//3 创建Channel
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//4 声明
String exchangeName = "test_direct_exchange";
String routingKey = "test.direct";
// String routingKey = "test.direct111"; //收不到
//5 发送
String msg = "Hello World RabbitMQ 4 Direct Exchange Message 111 ... ";
channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey , null , msg.getBytes());
}
}
主题交换机
主题交换机Topic Exchange（匹配路由规则的交换机）
所有发送到Topic Exchange的消息被转发到所有关系RouteKey中指定Topic的Queue上；
Exchange将RouteKey和某Topic进行模糊匹配，此时队列需要绑定一个Topic；
注意：可以使用通配符进行模糊匹配
符号：“#” 匹配一个或者多个词
符号：“*” 匹配不多不少一个词
列如：
“log.#” 能够匹配到 “log.info.oa”
“log.*” 能够匹配到 “log.err”
消费端代码
package com.dengrenli.rabbitmqapi.exchange.fanout;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
/**
* @author小科比
* @site www.dengrenli.com
* @company 科比公司
* @create 2019-12-24 14:55
*/
public class Consumer4TopicExchange {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory() ;
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.149.133");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
connectionFactory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled(true);
connectionFactory.setNetworkRecoveryInterval(3000);
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//4 声明
String exchangeName = "test_topic_exchange";
String exchangeType = "topic";
String queueName = "test_topic_queue";
String routingKey = "user.#";
// String routingKey = "user.*";
// 1 声明交换机
channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, exchangeType, true, false, false, null);
// 2 声明队列
channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);
// 3 建立交换机和队列的绑定关系:
channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
//durable 是否持久化消息
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
//参数：队列名称、是否自动ACK、Consumer
channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
//循环获取消息
while(true){
//获取消息，如果没有消息，这一步将会一直阻塞
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String msg = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println("收到消息：" + msg);
}
}
}
生产端代码
package com.dengrenli.rabbitmqapi.exchange.fanout;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
/**
* @author小科比
* @site www.dengrenli.com
* @company 科比公司
* @create 2019-12-24 14:55
*/
public class Producer4TopicExchange {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1 创建ConnectionFactory
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.149.133");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
//2 创建Connection
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
//3 创建Channel
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//4 声明
String exchangeName = "test_topic_exchange";
String routingKey1 = "user.save";
String routingKey2 = "user.update";
String routingKey3 = "user.delete.abc";
//5 发送
String msg = "Hello World RabbitMQ 4 Topic Exchange Message ...";
channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey1 , null , msg.getBytes());
channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey2 , null , msg.getBytes());
channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, routingKey3 , null , msg.getBytes());
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
输出交换机
输出交换机Fanout Exchange（不做路由）
不处理路由键，只需要简单的将队列绑定到交换机上；
发送到交换机的消息都会被转发到与该交换机绑定的所有队列上；
Fanout交换机转发消息是最快的
消费端代码
package com.dengrenli.rabbitmqapi.exchange.topic;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
/**
* @author小科比
* @site www.dengrenli.com
* @company 科比公司
* @create 2019-12-24 14:55
*/
public class Consumer4FanoutExchange {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory() ;
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.149.133");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
connectionFactory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled(true);
connectionFactory.setNetworkRecoveryInterval(3000);
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//4 声明
String exchangeName = "test_fanout_exchange";
String exchangeType = "fanout";
String queueName = "test_fanout_queue";
String routingKey = ""; //不设置路由键
channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName, exchangeType, true, false, false, null);
channel.queueDeclare(queueName, false, false, false, null);
channel.queueBind(queueName, exchangeName, routingKey);
//durable 是否持久化消息
QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
//参数：队列名称、是否自动ACK、Consumer
channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
//循环获取消息
while(true){
//获取消息，如果没有消息，这一步将会一直阻塞
QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
String msg = new String(delivery.getBody());
System.out.println("收到消息：" + msg);
}
}
}
生产端代码
package com.dengrenli.rabbitmqapi.exchange.topic;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
/**
* @author小科比
* @site www.dengrenli.com
* @company 科比公司
* @create 2019-12-24 14:55
*/
public class Producer4FanoutExchange {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1 创建ConnectionFactory
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new ConnectionFactory();
connectionFactory.setHost("192.168.149.133");
connectionFactory.setPort(5672);
connectionFactory.setVirtualHost("/");
//2 创建Connection
Connection connection = connectionFactory.newConnection();
//3 创建Channel
Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
//4 声明
String exchangeName = "test_fanout_exchange";
//5 发送
for(int i = 0; i < 10; i ++) {
String msg = "Hello World RabbitMQ 4 FANOUT Exchange Message ...";
channel.basicPublish(exchangeName, "", null , msg.getBytes());
}
channel.close();
connection.close();
}
}
Binding-绑定
Exchange和Exchange、Queue之间的连接关系；
Binding中可以包含RoutingKey或者参数
Queue-消息队列
消息队列，实际存储消息数据
Durability：是否持久化
Durable：是，Transient：否
Auto delete：如选yes，代表当最后一个监听被移除之后，该Queue会自动被删除
Message-消息
服务器和应用程序之间传递的数据
本质上就是一段数据，由Properties和Payload（Body）组成
常用属性：delivery model、headers（自定义属性）
Message-其他属性
content_type、content_encoding、priority
correlation_id、reply_to、expiration、message_id
Timestamp、type、user_id、app_id、cluster_id
Virtual host-虚拟主机
虚拟地址，用于进行逻辑隔离，最上层的消息路由
一个Virtual Host里面可以有若干个Exchange和Queue
同一个Virtual Host里面不能有相同名称的Exchange或Queue
谢谢大家，多多指教！！！
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