科研中,常见多种方法多场景下不同指标的定量对比,通过柱状图可以只管展现,如下图所示!
本文提供一完整绘图代码,有详细注释,可供参考学习!
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# 示例数据
labels =['case1','case2']
method1 =[[0.18,0.7],[0.3,0.6],
[3,8.6],[1.2,2],
[0.3,0.5],[0.3,0.5]]
method2 =[[0.35,1.5],[0.36,0.7],
[4.6,18.1],[1.2,3],
[0.4,1.2],[0.4,0.7]]
titles =['v1-index1','v1-index2',
'v2-index1','v2-index2',
'v3-index1','v3-index2']
ymin =[0,0,
0,0,
0,0,]
ymax =[1.5,0.9,
21,3,
1.2,0.9]
# 设置柱宽和组距
bar_width = 0.35
index = np.arange(len(labels))
# 创建一个3x2的子图阵列,并设置大小
fig, axes = plt.subplots(3, 2, figsize=(8, 8))
#axes为3*2的数组,内容为相应子图
for i, ax in enumerate(axes.flat):
#ndarray.flat 数组上的一维(相当于将上述3*2的数值打平)迭代器
# 绘制分组柱状图
ax.bar(index, method1[i], bar_width, label='method1', color='blue')
ax.bar(index + bar_width,method2[i], bar_width, label='method2', color='green')
# 设置标题和坐标轴标签
ax.set_title(titles[i])
ax.set_xlabel('Category')
ax.set_ylabel('Value')
# 设置X轴刻度标签
ax.set_xticks(index + bar_width / 2)
ax.set_xticklabels(labels)
# 设置y轴刻度标签
ax.set_yticks(np.linspace(ymin[i], ymax[i], 4)) # 设置4个等距刻度
ax.set_ylim(ymin[i], ymax[i])
# 添加图例(放在子图的下方)
handles, labels = axes.flat[0].get_legend_handles_labels()
fig.legend(handles, labels, loc='lower center', ncol=2, bbox_to_anchor=(0.5, 0.12))
# 调整子图之间的间距
plt.subplots_adjust(wspace=0.3, hspace=0.8, bottom=0.25)
# 显示图形
plt.show()