实验一:静态路由
1.拓扑图
2.实验要求
1.全网用192.168.1.0/24进行IP地址分配
2.R7作为DHCP服务器为pc分配IP地址
3.路由上均具备2个环回地址
4.R6与R7之间正常走1000M,备份走100M
5.全网尽量负载均衡
6.减少路由表数量,并避免环路产生
7.全网可达
3.分析
1.合理划分网段
2.进行具体网段配置
3. 进行跨网段传输及缺省路由等的编写
4.让100M的链路变成备份链路
5.R7作为DHCP服务器分配IP地址
4.实验过程
- 划分IP地址
192.168.1.0/24 | 192.168.1.0/30、192.168.1.4/30、192.168.1.8/30、192.168.1.12/30、192.168.1.16/30、192.168.1.20/30、192.168.1.24/30、192.168.1.28/30(干路) |
---|---|
192.168.1.32/27 | (R7下广播域) |
192.168.1.64/27 | 192.168.1.64/28、192.168.1.80/28(R3环回) |
192.168.1.96/27 | 192.168.1.96/28、192.168.1.114/28(R4环回) |
192.168.1.128/27 | 192.168.1.128/28、192.168.1.144/28(R6环回) |
192.168.1.160/27 | (R7环回) |
192.168.1.196/27 | |
192.168.1.228/27 |
- 配置IP地址
R3:
R3接口的IP:
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]undo info
[R3]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[R3]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
R3的环回:
[R3]interface LoopBack0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[R3-LoopBack0]q
[R3]interface LoopBack1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28
[R3-LoopBack1]q
R4:
R4接口的IP:
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname R4
[R4]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30
R4的环回:
[R4]interface LoopBack0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.97 28
[R4-LoopBack0]q
[R4]interface LoopBack1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.113 28
[R4-LoopBack1]q
R5:
R5接口的IP:
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname R5
[R5]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30
R6:
R6接口的IP:
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname R6
[R6]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30
[R6]int GigabitEthernet 4/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.21 30
R6的环回:
[R6]interface LoopBack0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[R6-LoopBack0]q
[R6]interface LoopBack1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28
[R6-LoopBack1]q
R7:
R7接口的IP:
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname R7
[R7]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.22 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.33 27
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
3.配置验证
R3:
R4:
R5:
R6:
4.DHCP自动获取IP地址
[R7]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[R7]ip pool aa
Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[R7-ip-pool-aa]network 192.168.1.32 mask 27
[R7-ip-pool-aa]gateway-list 192.168.1.33
[R7-ip-pool-aa]dns-list 114.114.114.114 8.8.8.8
[R7-ip-pool-aa]q
[R7]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global
5.验证PC端获取IP地址情况
PC1:
PC>ipconfig
Link local IPv6 address...........: fe80::5689:98ff:febd:c2b
IPv6 address......................: :: / 128
IPv6 gateway......................: ::
IPv4 address......................: 192.168.1.61
Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.224
Gateway...........................: 192.168.1.33
Physical address..................: 54-89-98-BD-0C-2B
DNS server........................: 114.114.114.114
8.8.8.8
PC2:
PC>ipconfig
Link local IPv6 address...........: fe80::5689:98ff:fe78:fca
IPv6 address......................: :: / 128
IPv6 gateway......................: ::
IPv4 address......................: 192.168.1.62
Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.224
Gateway...........................: 192.168.1.33
Physical address..................: 54-89-98-78-0F-CA
DNS server........................: 114.114.114.114
8.8.8.8
实验二 rip实验
1.拓扑图
2.实验要求
1.路由器分别配置环回
2.连接路由器的网段12.1.1.0/24 23.1.1.0/24
3.r1 r3网络地址192.168.1.0/24 192.168.2.0/24
4.整个全网可达
3.实验分析
1.给环回接口配置IP
2.RIP协议配置
3.接口配置IP
4.电脑ip配置
5.ping全网可达
4.实验过程
- 配置
R1:
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]interface LoopBack 1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 1.1.1.1 32
[R1-LoopBack1]q
[R1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R1]rip 1
[R1-rip-1]version 2
[R1-rip-1]network 1.1.1.1
[R1-rip-1]network 1.0.0.0
[R1-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
[R1-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0
R2:
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]interface LoopBack 1
[R2-LoopBack1]ip address 2.2.2.2 32
[R2-LoopBack1]q
[R2]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.1 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R2]rip 1
[R2-rip-1]version 2
[R2-rip-1]network 2.0.0.0
[R2-rip-1]network 23.0.0.0
[R2-rip-1]network 12.0.0.0
R3:
<Huawei>system-view
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]undo info-center enable
Info: Information center is disabled.
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]interface l
[R3]interface LoopBack 1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip address 3.3.3.3 32
[R3-LoopBack1]q
[R3]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 23.1.1.2 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.2.1 24
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R3]rip 1
[R3-rip-1]version 2
[R3-rip-1]network 3.0.0.0
[R3-rip-1]network 192.168.2.0
[R3-rip-1]network 23.0.0.0
[R3-rip-1]q
- 查看接口信息
R1:
R2:
R3: - 查看路由表IP
R1:
R2:
R3: - ping----全网可达
PC1—PC3
PC>ping 192.168.2.2
Ping 192.168.2.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
Request timeout!
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=78 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=78 ms
— 192.168.2.2 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
2 packet(s) received
60.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 0/78/78 ms
PC2—PC3
PC>ping 192.168.2.2
Ping 192.168.2.2: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=125 time=79 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=125 time=93 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=125 time=94 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=125 time=78 ms
From 192.168.2.2: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=125 time=63 ms
— 192.168.2.2 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 63/81/94 ms