网络编程

网络编程三要素

1. ip地址；
2. 端口号；
3. 协议规则：UDP协议；TCP/IP协议
   UDP协议和TCP协议的区别：
   UDP协议：1) 不需要建立连接通道
   2）属于不可靠协议，不同步的，执行效率高，不安全
   3）传输数据大小有限制
   TCP协议：1）需要建立连接通道
   2）属于可靠连接协议，同步的，执行效率低，安全
   3）传输数据大小无限制

UDP协议发送端：
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
public class SendDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//创建发送端的Socket对象
		DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();
		byte[] bytes = "hello".getBytes();
		int len = bytes.length;
		InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName("10.12.159.30");
		int port = 10086;
		//创建数据报包对象
		DatagramPacket dp  = new DatagramPacket(bytes,len,inetAddress,port);
		//发送数据
		ds.send(dp);
		//关闭资源
		ds.close();		
	}
}
UDP协议接收端
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
public class ReceiveDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//创建接收端的Socket对象
		DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(10086);
		//创建一个接收容器
		byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
		int length = bytes.length;
		DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes,length);
		ds.receive(dp);
		//解析数据报包的实际数据
		byte[] data = dp.getData();
		int length2 = dp.getLength();
		String s = new String(data,0,length2);
		String ip = dp.getAddress().getHostAddress();
		System.out.println(s);
		System.out.println(ip);		
	}
}

需求：不断的键盘录入(BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in))的readLine())数据，接收端不断接收数据,接收端 (一般不关闭)，当前客户端输入"886" ,程序结束(客户端不不在录入了)

UDP协议发送端
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
public class SendDemo2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		//创建DatagramSocket对象
		DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket();
		//键盘录入
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		String line = null;
		while((line=br.readLine())!=null) {
			if(line.equals("886")) {
				break;
			}
			//创建数据报包对象
			byte[] bytes = line.getBytes();
			int len = line.length();
			InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName("10.12.159.66");
			int port = 10086;
			DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes,len,inetAddress,port);
			//发送数据
			ds.send(dp);
		}
		//关闭资源
		ds.close();
	}
}
UDP协议接收端
import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
public class ReceiveDemo2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		//创建接收端的Socketd对象
		DatagramSocket ds = new DatagramSocket(10086);
		//不断接收数据
		while(true) {
			//创建一个接收容器
			byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
			int length = bytes.length;
			DatagramPacket dp = new DatagramPacket(bytes,length);
			//接收数据
			ds.receive(dp);
			//解析数据
			String dataStr = new String(dp.getData(),0,dp.getLength());
			String ip = dp.getAddress().getHostAddress();
			System.out.println("data is "+dataStr+"ip is "+ip);
		}	
	}
}

TCP协议客户端
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ClientDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//创建客户端的Socket对象
		Socket s = new Socket("10.12.159.30",10086);
		//获取通道内的字节输出流对象
		OutputStream os = s.getOutputStream();
		//通过输出流对象写数据到服务器端
		os.write("hello java".getBytes());
		//释放资源
		s.close();	
	}
}
TCP协议服务器端
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class ServerDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//创建服务器端的Socket对象
		ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10086);
		//侦听客户连接
		Socket s = ss.accept();
		//获取通道内字节输入流对象
		InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
		//读取客户端通过通道内的流发送的数据
		byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
		int len = in.read(bytes);
		String str = new String(bytes,0,len);
		String ip = s.getInetAddress().getHostAddress();
		System.out.println(str);
		System.out.println(ip);		
	}
}

需求：使用TCP协议完成 客户端不断键盘录入数据，服务器端键数据输出在指定的文本文件中

TCP协议客户端
mport java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;

//使用TCP协议完成 客户端不断键盘录入数据，服务器端键数据输出在指定的文本文件中
public class ClientDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//创建客户端的Socket对象
		Socket socket = new Socket("10.12.159.66",10086);
		//键盘录入
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		//封装通道内的流
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
		String line = null;
		while((line=br.readLine())!=null) {
			if("over".equals(line)) {
				break;
			}
			//将录入的内容通过通道内的流发送
			bw.write(line);
			bw.newLine();
			bw.flush();
		}
		//释放资源
		bw.close();
		br.close();
		socket.close();
	}
}

TCP协议服务器端
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

//使用TCP协议完成 客户端不断键盘录入数据，服务器端键数据输出在指定的文本文件中
public class ServerDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		//创建服务器端的socket对象
		ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(10086);
		//侦听客户端链接
		Socket socket = ss.accept();
		BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
		BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("a.txt"));
		String line = null;
		while((line=br.readLine())!=null) {
			bw.write(line);
			bw.newLine();
			bw.flush();
		}
		bw.close();
		br.close();
	}
}