Springboot读取配置文件，映射成对象或者属性

Springboot读取配置文件，实现给种类型的映射
比如映射成对象，映射成Map，List等等， 并且支持自动注入，方便使用

1. properties文件

spring.application.name=properties-demo

#方式1  ------ list<Student>属性接收
#前缀.list属性字段名[下标].对象的属性名
properties.demo.students[0].id=1
properties.demo.students[0].name=xiaoHong
properties.demo.students[0].sex=0
properties.demo.students[0].age=16

properties.demo.students[1].id=2
properties.demo.students[1].name=xiaoGang
properties.demo.students[1].sex=1
properties.demo.students[1].age=17

#方式2  ------ map<String,Student>属性接收
# 前缀.map属性字段名.map-key.map-对象的属性名
properties.demo.studentMap.xiaoMing.id=3
properties.demo.studentMap.xiaoMing.name=xiaoMing
properties.demo.studentMap.xiaoMing.sex=1
properties.demo.studentMap.xiaoMing.age=15

properties.demo.studentMap.xiaoHong.id=5
properties.demo.studentMap.xiaoHong.name=xiaoHong
properties.demo.studentMap.xiaoHong.sex=0
properties.demo.studentMap.xiaoHong.age=14

#方式3  ------ 对象属性接收
#前缀.对象属性名
properties.demo.student.id=1
properties.demo.student.name=hanMeiMei
properties.demo.student.sex=0
properties.demo.student.age=12

#方式4  ------  解析为list
properties.demo.strList[0]=10
properties.demo.strList[1]=11
properties.demo.strList[2]=12

#方式5  ------ 前缀.map属性字段名.map-key = map-value
properties.demo.single-map.develop=7
properties.demo.single-map.office=8
properties.demo.sso-map.develop=9
properties.demo.sso-map.office=10

#方式6  ------ List<Map<String,List<String>>>类型 配置
properties.demo.movements[0].reading=zs,ls,ww
properties.demo.movements[1].play-basketball=zl,cz,rg
properties.demo.movements[2].swim=vg

properties.demo.Learn[0].reading=uj
properties.demo.Learn[1].to-sing=zs,okl
properties.demo.Learn[2].play-piano=ll

#方式7  ------ 对象直接接收
#前缀.对象属性名
properties.object.demo.id=7
properties.object.demo.name=LiLei
properties.object.demo.sex=1
properties.object.demo.age=16


#方式8  ------  使用 @Value 注解直接接收为List
properties.test.string-list=1,2,3

2. 实体类Student和StudentTest

@Data
public class Student {

    private String id;

    private String name;

    private int sex;

    private int age;
}

@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "properties.object.demo")
public class StudentTest {

    private String id;

    private String name;

    private int sex;

    private int age;
}

3. 集合 List< Student >

@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "properties.demo")
public class StudentConfig {

    //方式1
    private List<Student> students = new ArrayList<>();

    //方式2
    private Map<String, Student> studentMap = new HashMap<>();

    //方式3
    private Student student;

    //方式4
    private List<String> strList = new ArrayList<>();

    //方式5
    private Map<String, String> singleMap = new HashMap<>();
    private Map<String, String> ssoMap = new HashMap<>();

    //方式6
    private List<Map<String, List<String>>> movements = new ArrayList<>();
    private List<Map<String, List<String>>> Learn = new ArrayList<>();

}

4. 代码中自动注入，并使用

@Component
public class DemoService {

    @Autowired
    private StudentConfig studentConfig;

    //方式7
    @Autowired
    private StudentTest studentTest;

    //方式8
    @Value("#{'${properties.test.string-list}'.split(',')}")
    private List<Integer> stringList;

    public void printMsg() {

        List<Student> students = studentConfig.getStudents();
        for (Student student : students) {
            System.out.println(student);
        }
        System.out.println("====== 方式1 ======\n");

        Map<String, Student> studentMap = studentConfig.getStudentMap();
        studentMap.forEach((k, v) -> {
            System.out.println("key:" + k + "   value:" + v);
        });
        System.out.println("====== 方式2 ======\n");

        Student student = studentConfig.getStudent();
        System.out.println(student);
        System.out.println("====== 方式3 ======\n");

        List<String> strList = studentConfig.getStrList();
        System.out.println(strList);
        System.out.println("====== 方式4  ======\n");

        Map<String, String> singleMap = studentConfig.getSingleMap();
        Map<String, String> ssoMap = studentConfig.getSsoMap();
        System.out.println("singleMap: "+singleMap);
        System.out.println("ssoMap: "+ssoMap);
        System.out.println("====== 方式5  ======\n");

        List<Map<String, List<String>>> movements = studentConfig.getMovements();
        List<Map<String, List<String>>> learn = studentConfig.getLearn();
        System.out.println("movements: "+movements);
        System.out.println("learn: "+learn);
        System.out.println("====== 方式6  ======\n");


        System.out.println(studentTest);
        System.out.println("====== 方式7 ======\n");

        System.out.println(stringList);
        System.out.println("====== 方式8  ======\n");

    }
}

5. 测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class PropertiesDemoApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private DemoService demoService;

    @Test
    public void testProperties() {
        demoService.printMsg();
    }
}

6. 输出结果

Student(id=1, name=xiaoHong, sex=0, age=16)
Student(id=2, name=xiaoGang, sex=1, age=17)
====== 方式1 ======

key:xiaoMing   value:Student(id=3, name=xiaoMing, sex=1, age=15)
key:xiaoHong   value:Student(id=5, name=xiaoHong, sex=0, age=14)
====== 方式2 ======

Student(id=1, name=hanMeiMei, sex=0, age=12)
====== 方式3 ======

[10, 11, 12]
====== 方式4  ======

singleMap: {develop=7, office=8}
ssoMap: {develop=9, office=10}
====== 方式5  ======

movements: [{reading=[zs, ls, ww]}, {play-basketball=[zl, cz, rg]}, {swim=[vg]}]
learn: [{reading=[uj]}, {to-sing=[zs, okl]}, {play-piano=[ll]}]
====== 方式6  ======

StudentTest(id=7, name=LiLei, sex=1, age=16)
====== 方式7 ======

[1, 2, 3]
====== 方式8  ======