centos7删除python2后yum用不了

CentOS7误删python及yum（重装）
BuDongYu
2019.06.28 11:55:08
字数 1,619阅读 1,330

    本人在一顿操作中误删了yum，然后在网上看各种安装方式，一直装不上，还是要根据自己的情况去安装，所以试了各种方式，踩了各种坑最后才装上。以下就是我的安装方式，不能保证所有人都适用，还是要根据自己的情况。

系统是CentOS7.4

重装python2.7和yum

1.查看系统版本：

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# lsb_release -a

2.删除现有的python

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# rpm -qa|grep python|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps ##强制清除已安装的程序及其关联

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# whereis python |xargs rm -frv ##删除所有残余文件 ##xargs，允许你对输出执行其他某些命令

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# whereis python ##验证删除，返回无结果说明清除干净

3.删除现有的yum

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# whereis yum |xargs rm -frv

4.创建一个目录：python-need-pkg，将这些包下载下来，从http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/下载响应的包（注意：根据自己的系统下载，源中版本会更新，具体查看URL中的版本再下载！）

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/lvm2-python-libs-2.02.180-8.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-76.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-backports-1.0-8.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-backports-ssl_match_hostname-3.5.0.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-devel-2.7.5-76.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-ipaddress-1.0.16-2.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-libs-2.7.5-76.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-9.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-virtualenv-15.1.0-2.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-build-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-build-libs-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-libs-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-sign-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-161.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-aliases-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-protectbase-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm

5.执行命令安装

1>执行这一步的时候没有依赖问题

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs python*.rpm

2>执行这一步的时候报依赖问题，有两个，

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs rpm-python*.rpm yum*.rpm

出现依赖错误

rpm = 4.11.3-35.el7 is needed by rpm-python-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64

libxml2-python is needed by yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch

网上说强制安装，我自己强制安装后，查看yum [root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# yum 报了这样一个错

There was a problem importing one of the Python modules

required to run yum. The error leading to this problem was:

/usr/lib64/python2.7/site-packages/rpm/_rpm.so: undefined symbol: rpmtsAddReinstallElement

Please install a package which provides this module, or

verify that the module is installed correctly.

It’s possible that the above module doesn’t match the

current version of Python, which is:

2.7.5 (default, Oct 30 2018, 23:45:53)

[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)]

If you cannot solve this problem yourself, please go to

the yum faq at:

http://yum.baseurl.org/wiki/Faq

可能代表着你的rpm包没安装全

在我安装[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# rpm -ivh rpm-python-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm 一直重复报这个依赖错误

我在https://segmentfault.com/q/1010000009194060这个评论看到解决方法

当我使用下列命令查看时，发现版本是25的

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# rpm -qa|grep rpm

rpm-build-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64

rpm-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64

perl-srpm-macros-1-8.el7.noarch

rpm-libs-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64

rpm-python-4.11.3-25.el7.x86_64

redhat-rpm-config-9.1.0-87.el7.centos.noarch

与我要安装的rpm-python-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm的rpm版本不一致，我采用了如下办法

我更新了rpm的三个包来使我安装的版本和rpm版本一致：

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# rpm -Uvh rpm-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm-build-libs-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm rpm-libs-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm

这时候再去安装[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# rpm -ivh rpm-python-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm 就可以了

还有一个依赖解决 libxml2-python is needed by yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch 我选择的是强制安装

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# rpm -ivh yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm --force --nodeps

最后安装：[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz ~]# rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs rpm-python*.rpm yum*.rpm 就安装成功了

6.查看python版本，命令正常

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# python

Python 2.7.5 (default, Jun 20 2019, 20:27:34)

[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36)] on linux2

Type “help”, “copyright”, “credits” or “license” for more information.

7.查看yum，命令正常

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# yum

Loaded plugins: aliases, fastestmirror, protectbase

You need to give some command

Usage: yum [options] COMMAND

8.在yum安装成功后，可将源文件清空并下载新的源

可参考：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36731677/article/details/58288979

之后逐步更新源数据

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# yum clean all

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# yum makecache

[root@izwz91xsu9fz728qyw7jodz python-need-pkgs]# yum --skip-broken update

rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs lvm2-python-libs*.rpm --nodeps --force

rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs libxml2-python*.rpm --nodeps --force

rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs python*.rpm --nodeps --force

rpm -Uvh --replacepkgs rpm-python*.rpm yum*.rpm --nodeps --force
中间出现依赖问题 依赖包名和自己安装的名字一样 采用强制安装
wget -i 可以从文件中下载文件里的http资源 可以把http资源路径保存在文件里一次性下载
文本复制了 https://www.jianshu.com/p/edb3e83d2c98 这位博主的内容，感谢这位博主。 最后几行为自己的