java生成二维码图片

public class QRCodeUtil {

    /**
     * 生成二维码<br>
     * 二维码的净宽度必然等于二维码的净高度<br>
     * 如果需要尺寸特别精准的二维码，可删除返回BufferedImage的白边并缩放图片为指定尺寸(资料很多且暂时没有场景，不再处理)
     *
     * @param content
     *            二维码内容
     * @param width
     *            整个二维码图片宽度(二维码净宽度+预留白边)
     * @param height
     *            整个二维码图片高度(二维码经高度+预留白边)
     * @param logoPath
     *            logo路径，为空或文件不存在则不添加logo
     * @param isColor
     *            是否彩色二维码(此工具类颜色固化，如要定制颜色可增加参数扩充工具类) 默认为true
     * @return
     */
    public static BufferedImage encodeQRcode(String content, int width, int height, String logoPath, Boolean isColor) {
        try {
            // 生成二维码
            Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>();
            hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");// 编码
            hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);// 最高容错级别
            hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 0);// 边框留白最小(无法精准控制)
            MultiFormatWriter mutiWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();
            BitMatrix matrix = mutiWriter.encode(content,BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);
            // 根据左上角定位方块坐标，确定左上角定位方块范围
            int[] topLeftPoint = matrix.getTopLeftOnBit();
            int leftTopX = topLeftPoint[0];// 左上角方块左上角X坐标
            int leftTopY = topLeftPoint[1];// 左上角方块左上角Y坐标
            int rightBottomX = 0;// 左上角方块右下角X坐标
            int rightBottomY = 0;// 左上角方块右下角Y坐标
            for (int x = topLeftPoint[0]; x < matrix.getWidth(); x++) {
                if (!matrix.get(x, topLeftPoint[1])) {
                    rightBottomX = x;
                    break;
                }
            }
            for (int y = topLeftPoint[1]; y < matrix.getHeight(); y++) {
                if (!matrix.get(topLeftPoint[0], y)) {
                    rightBottomY = y;
                    break;
                }
            }
            // LOGO生成
            int logoWidth = rightBottomX - leftTopX;// LOGO宽度
            int logoHeight = rightBottomY - leftTopY;// LOGO高度
            int logoHalfWidth = logoWidth / 2;// LOGO宽度一半
            int logoFrameWidth = 1;// LOGO边框宽度
            BufferedImage logoImage = genLogo(logoPath, logoWidth, logoHeight,
                    true);
            int[][] logoPixels = new int[logoWidth][logoHeight];
            if (logoImage != null) {
                for (int i = 0; i < logoImage.getWidth(); i++) {
                    for (int j = 0; j < logoImage.getHeight(); j++) {
                        logoPixels[i][j] = logoImage.getRGB(i, j);
                    }
                }
            }
            // 二维矩阵转为一维像素数组
            int halfW = matrix.getWidth() / 2;
            int halfH = matrix.getHeight() / 2;
            int[] pixels = new int[width * height];
            for (int y = 0; y < matrix.getHeight(); y++) {
                for (int x = 0; x < matrix.getWidth(); x++) {
                    if (x > 0 && x < rightBottomX && y > 0 && y < rightBottomY) {// 左上角定位方块颜色,根据自己需要调整颜色范围和空白填充颜色
                        Color color = new Color(0, 0, 0);// 黑色
                        if (isColor == null || isColor) {// 彩色二维码
                            color = new Color(231, 144, 56);// 此处颜色固化，如果需要可扩展
                        }
                        int colorInt = color.getRGB();
                        pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? colorInt
                                : 16777215;
                    } else if (logoImage != null && x > halfW - logoHalfWidth
                            && x < halfW + logoHalfWidth
                            && y > halfH - logoHalfWidth
                            && y < halfH + logoHalfWidth) {// 添加LOGO(如果存在)
                        pixels[y * width + x] = logoPixels[x - halfW
                                + logoHalfWidth][y - halfH + logoHalfWidth];
                    } else if (logoImage != null
                            && ((x > halfW - logoHalfWidth - logoFrameWidth
                            && x < halfW - logoHalfWidth
                            + logoFrameWidth
                            && y > halfH - logoHalfWidth
                            - logoFrameWidth && y < halfH
                            + logoHalfWidth + logoFrameWidth)
                            || (x > halfW + logoHalfWidth
                            - logoFrameWidth
                            && x < halfW + logoHalfWidth
                            + logoFrameWidth
                            && y > halfH - logoHalfWidth
                            - logoFrameWidth && y < halfH
                            + logoHalfWidth + logoFrameWidth)
                            || (x > halfW - logoHalfWidth
                            - logoFrameWidth
                            && x < halfW + logoHalfWidth
                            + logoFrameWidth
                            && y > halfH - logoHalfWidth
                            - logoFrameWidth && y < halfH
                            - logoHalfWidth + logoFrameWidth) || (x > halfW
                            - logoHalfWidth - logoFrameWidth
                            && x < halfW + logoHalfWidth
                            + logoFrameWidth
                            && y > halfH + logoHalfWidth
                            - logoFrameWidth && y < halfH
                            + logoHalfWidth + logoFrameWidth))) {// 添加LOGO四周边框(如果存在)
                        Color color = new Color(0, 0, 0);// 黑色
                        if (isColor == null || isColor) {// 彩色二维码
                            // 此处固化为渐变颜色，如有需要可扩展
                            int R = (int) (50 - (50.0 - 13.0)
                                    / matrix.getHeight() * (y + 1));
                            int G = (int) (165 - (165.0 - 72.0)
                                    / matrix.getHeight() * (y + 1));
                            int B = (int) (162 - (162.0 - 107.0)
                                    / matrix.getHeight() * (y + 1));
                            color = new Color(R, G, B);
                        }
                        int colorInt = color.getRGB();
                        pixels[y * width + x] = colorInt;
                    } else {// 其他部分二维码颜色
                        Color color = new Color(0, 0, 0);// 黑色
                        if (isColor == null || isColor) {// 彩色二维码
                            // 此处固化为渐变颜色，如有需要可扩展
                            int R = (int) (50 - (50.0 - 13.0)
                                    / matrix.getHeight() * (y + 1));
                            int G = (int) (165 - (165.0 - 72.0)
                                    / matrix.getHeight() * (y + 1));
                            int B = (int) (162 - (162.0 - 107.0)
                                    / matrix.getHeight() * (y + 1));
                            color = new Color(R, G, B);
                        }
                        int colorInt = color.getRGB();
                        // 此处可以修改二维码的颜色，可以分别制定二维码和背景的颜色；
                        pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? colorInt
                                : 16777215;
                    }
                }
            }

            BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                    BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            image.getRaster().setDataElements(0, 0, width, height, pixels);

            return image;
        } catch (WriterException e) {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 解析条形码或二维码
     *
     * @param filePath
     *            图片路径
     * @return
     */
    public static Map<String, String> decode(String filePath) {
        try {
            if (filePath == null || filePath.equals("")) {
                return null;
            }
            File file = new File(filePath);
            if (!file.exists()) {
                return null;
            }
            BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(new File(filePath));
            BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
            Binarizer binarizer = new HybridBinarizer(source);
            BinaryBitmap binaryBitmap = new BinaryBitmap(binarizer);
            Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, Object>();
            hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
            Result result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(binaryBitmap, hints);// 对图像进行解码
            Map<String, String> resultMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
            resultMap.put("encode", result.getBarcodeFormat().name());
            resultMap.put("text", result.getText());
            return resultMap;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 把传入的原始LOGO图像按高度和宽度进行缩放，生成符合要求的图标
     *
     * @param logoPath
     *            logo路径
     * @param height
     *            目标高度
     * @param width
     *            目标宽度
     * @param hasFiller
     *            比例不对时是否需要补白：true为补白; false为不补白;
     */
    private static BufferedImage genLogo(String logoPath, int height, int width, boolean hasFiller) {
        if (logoPath == null || logoPath.equals("")) {
            return null;
        }
        try {
            double ratio = 0.0; // 缩放比例
            File file = new File(logoPath);
            BufferedImage srcImage = ImageIO.read(file);
            Image destImage = srcImage.getScaledInstance(width, height,
                    BufferedImage.SCALE_SMOOTH);
            // 计算比例
            if ((srcImage.getHeight() > height)
                    || (srcImage.getWidth() > width)) {
                if (srcImage.getHeight() > srcImage.getWidth()) {
                    ratio = (new Integer(height)).doubleValue()
                            / srcImage.getHeight();
                } else {
                    ratio = (new Integer(width)).doubleValue()
                            / srcImage.getWidth();
                }
                AffineTransformOp op = new AffineTransformOp(
                        AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(ratio, ratio), null);
                destImage = op.filter(srcImage, null);
            }
            if (hasFiller) {// 补白
                BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
                        BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
                Graphics2D graphic = image.createGraphics();
                graphic.setColor(Color.white);
                graphic.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
                if (width == destImage.getWidth(null)) {
                    graphic.drawImage(destImage, 0,
                            (height - destImage.getHeight(null)) / 2,
                            destImage.getWidth(null),
                            destImage.getHeight(null), Color.white, null);
                } else {
                    graphic.drawImage(destImage,
                            (width - destImage.getWidth(null)) / 2, 0,
                            destImage.getWidth(null),
                            destImage.getHeight(null), Color.white, null);
                }
                graphic.dispose();
                destImage = image;
            }
            return (BufferedImage) destImage;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            return null;
        }
    }

    public static String encode(String content, int width, int height, String logoPath, Boolean isColor,String path) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = encodeQRcode(content, width,height, logoPath, isColor);
        File imgFile = new File(path);
        ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", imgFile);// 存储
        return imgFile.getAbsolutePath();
    }

   /**
    * @Author haojl
    * @Description 生成二维码，并返回前端页面
    * @Date 2021/6/25 16:39
    * @Param [宽度, 高度, 内容, response]
    * @return void
    **/
    public static void createQRCode(int width, int height, String content, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        String format = "png";
        ServletOutputStream out = response.getOutputStream();
        Map<EncodeHintType,Object> config = new HashMap<>();
        config.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"UTF-8");
        config.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);
        config.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 0);
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE,width,height,config);
        MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix,format,out);
        System.out.println("二维码生成完毕，已经输出到页面中。");
    }

    /**
     * @Author haojl
     * @Description 本地生成生成二维码
     * @Date 2021/7/15 17:34
     * @Param [width, height, json, fileName]
     * @return void
     **/
    public static void createQRCodeImage(int width, int height, String json, String fileName) throws Exception {
        String format = "png";
        Map<EncodeHintType,Object> config = new HashMap<>();
        config.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET,"UTF-8");
        config.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);
        config.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 0);
        BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(json, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE,width,height,config);
        File file = new File(fileName);
        if (!file.exists()) {
            file.createNewFile();
        }
        FileOutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
        MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix,format,outputStream);
        System.out.println("二维码生成完毕:"+ fileName);
    }

    //获得图片的base64码
    public static String getImageBase(String src) {
        if(src==null||src==""){
            return "";
        }
        File file = new File(getRequest().getRealPath("/")+src.replace(getRequest().getContextPath(), ""));
        if(!file.exists()) {
            return "";
        }
        InputStream in = null;
        byte[] data = null;
        try {
            in = new FileInputStream(file);
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
        try {
            data = new byte[in.available()];
            in.read(data);
            in.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
        return encoder.encode(data);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.encodeQRcode("OO", 512, 512,"", false);// 生成二维码
        ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", new File("E:\\test.jpg"));// 存储
        System.out.println(decode("E:\\test.jpg"));// 解析
    }
}