进程间通信(IPC)机制中消息队列和共享内存的学习

消息队列实现AB进程间通话

使用不同的类型名区分消息来源
A进程实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

//消息结构体
struct msgbuf
{
	long mtype;
	char mtext[128];
};

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	//创建key
	key_t key = ftok("./",1);
	if(key < 0)
	{
		perror("ftok");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("key = %#x\n",key);

	//创建消息队列
	int msqid = msgget(key, IPC_CREAT | 0664);
	if(msqid < 0)
	{
		perror("msgget");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("msqid = %d\n",msqid);

	struct msgbuf sndbuf;
	struct msgbuf rcvbuf;
	while(1)
	{
		//A进程往队列中写
		memset(&sndbuf,0,sizeof(sndbuf));
		printf("A进程说>>>");
		sndbuf.mtype = 100;
		fgets(sndbuf.mtext, sizeof(sndbuf.mtext), stdin);
		sndbuf.mtext[strlen(sndbuf.mtext)-1] = '\0';

		if(msgsnd(msqid, &sndbuf, sizeof(sndbuf.mtext), IPC_NOWAIT) < 0)
		{
			perror("msgsnd");
			break;
		}
		printf("消息发送成功\n");

		if(0 == strcasecmp(sndbuf.mtext,"quit"))
		{
			break;
		}

		//A进程往队列中读
		memset(&rcvbuf,0,sizeof(rcvbuf));
		if(msgrcv(msqid, &rcvbuf, sizeof(rcvbuf.mtext), 101, 0) < 0)
		{
			perror("msgsnd");
			break;
		}
		printf("收到B的消息: %s\n",rcvbuf.mtext);

		if(0 == strcasecmp(rcvbuf.mtext,"quit"))
		{
			break;
		}
	}

	if(msgctl(msqid, IPC_RMID, NULL) < 0)
	{
		perror("msgctl");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

B进程实现

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

//消息结构体
struct msgbuf
{
	long mtype;
	char mtext[128];
};

int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	//创建key
	key_t key = ftok("./",1);
	if(key < 0)
	{
		perror("ftok");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("key = %#x\n",key);

	//创建消息队列
	int msqid = msgget(key, IPC_CREAT | 0664);
	if(msqid < 0)
	{
		perror("msgget");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("msqid = %d\n",msqid);

	struct msgbuf sndbuf;
	struct msgbuf rcvbuf;
	while(1)
	{
		//B进程往队列中读
		memset(&rcvbuf,0,sizeof(rcvbuf));
		if(msgrcv(msqid, &rcvbuf, sizeof(rcvbuf.mtext), 100, 0) < 0)
		{
			perror("msgsnd");
			break;
		}
		printf("收到A的消息: %s\n",rcvbuf.mtext);

		if(0 == strcasecmp(rcvbuf.mtext,"quit"))
		{
			break;
		}

		//B进程往队列中写
		memset(&sndbuf,0,sizeof(sndbuf));
		printf("B进程说>>>");
		sndbuf.mtype = 101;
		fgets(sndbuf.mtext, sizeof(sndbuf.mtext), stdin);
		sndbuf.mtext[strlen(sndbuf.mtext)-1] = '\0';

		if(msgsnd(msqid, &sndbuf, sizeof(sndbuf.mtext), IPC_NOWAIT) < 0)
		{
			perror("msgsnd");
			break;
		}
		printf("消息发送成功\n");

		if(0 == strcasecmp(sndbuf.mtext,"quit"))
		{
			break;
		}
	}

	if(msgctl(msqid, IPC_RMID, NULL) < 0)
	{
		perror("msgctl");
		return -1;
	}
	return 0;
}

用共享内存的方式分别将数组打印和逆置

使用的是flag来切换功能
打印

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>


int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	char str[] ="123456";
	//创建key值
	key_t key = ftok("./",3);
	if(key < 0)
	{
		perror("ftok");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("key = %#X\n", key);

	//创建共享内存
	int shmid = shmget(key, 32, IPC_CREAT|0777);
	if(shmid < 0)
	{
		perror("shmget");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("shmid = %d\n",shmid);

	//映射到当前进程上
	void* shmaddr = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
	if((void*)-1 == shmaddr)
	{
		perror("shmat");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("shmaddr = %p\n", shmaddr);

	//初始化
	int flag = 0;
	char* pa = (char*)shmaddr+4;
	*(int*)shmaddr = flag;
	strcpy(pa,str);

	//打印
	while(1)
	{
		flag = *(int*)shmaddr;
		if(0 == flag)
		{
			printf("%s\n",pa);
			*(int*)shmaddr = 1;
		}
		sleep(1);
	}
	
	//断开映射
	shmdt(shmaddr);

	return 0;
}

逆置

#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>


int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	//创建key值
	key_t key = ftok("./",3);
	if(key < 0)
	{
		perror("ftok");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("key = %#X\n", key);

	//创建共享内存
	int shmid = shmget(key, 32, IPC_CREAT|0777);
	if(shmid < 0)
	{
		perror("shmget");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("shmid = %d\n",shmid);

	//映射到当前进程上
	void* shmaddr = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
	if((void*)-1 == shmaddr)
	{
		perror("shmat");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("shmaddr = %p\n", shmaddr);


	while(1)
	{
		int flag = 0;
		char* pa = (char*)shmaddr+4;
		char* end = pa+strlen(pa)-1;
		char temp;
		if(1 == (flag = *(int*)shmaddr))
		{
			while(pa<end)
			{
				temp = *pa;
				*pa = *end;
				*end = temp;
				pa++;
				end--;
			}
			*(int*)shmaddr = 0;

		}
		sleep(1);
	}

	//断开映射
	shmdt(shmaddr);
	return 0;
}