关于微服务的实例练习1

简单的微服务实例搭建(一)

模拟一个服务调用的场景的搭建过程：

1、 新建一个maven工程：Microservices，再在其下新建module，同样的依旧是maven工程：service、consumer、common（大体结构如图）：

关于服务的介绍：

• common：用于存放一些公共的代码，在该实例中用于编写model实体类
• service：一个提供根据查询所有用户的微服务，为consumer提供服务，在该实例中编写mapper、service、web(controller)
• consumer：：一个服务调用者，通过RestTemplate远程调用service，客户端访问获取服务，在该实例中编写controller、html页面

2、关于yml和pom文件：

• Microservices

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zpark</groupId>
    <artifactId>Microservices</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>common</module>
        <module>consumer</module>
        <module>service</module>
    </modules>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <mapper.starter.version>2.0.3</mapper.starter.version>
        <mysql.version>8.0.15</mysql.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- 通用mapper启动器(git上开源项目) -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
                <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mapper.starter.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!-- mysql驱动-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

注意： 在该项目中使用通用mapper启动器(git上开源项目)一个实列用于学习

• common

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>Microservices</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zpark</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>common</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.10.1</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.4</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

• service：服务提供者

server:
  port: 8081
  servlet:
    context-path: /
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/microservices?characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: 1234
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  thymeleaf:
    cache: false
  application:
    name: service

mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.zpark.model
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>Microservices</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zpark</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>service</artifactId>
    <!--添加依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mapper启动器 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--thymeleaf模板引擎-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.zpark</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

• consumer：服务调用者

server:
  port: 8083
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/microservices?characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
    username: root
    password: 1234
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  thymeleaf:
    cache: false
  application:
    name: consumer
    
mybatis:
  type-aliases-package: com.zpark.model
  configuration:
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>Microservices</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zpark</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <artifactId>common</artifactId>
            <groupId>com.zpark</groupId>
            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

3、编写实现代码：

• common

package com.zpark.model;

import org.apache.ibatis.type.JdbcType;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.annotation.ColumnType;

import javax.persistence.Id;
import java.io.Serializable;

public class Country implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 6569081236403751407L;
    @Id
    @ColumnType(jdbcType = JdbcType.BIGINT)
    private Long Id;
    private String countryname;
    private String countrycode;

    public Long getId() {
        return Id;
    }

    public void setId(Long Id) {
        this.Id = Id;
    }

    public String getCountryname() {
        return countryname;
    }

    public void setCountryname(String countryname) {
        this.countryname = countryname;
    }

    public String getCountrycode() {
        return countrycode;
    }

    public void setCountrycode(String countrycode) {
        this.countrycode = countrycode;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Country{" +
                "Id=" + Id +
                ", countryname='" + countryname + '\'' +
                ", countrycode='" + countrycode + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

• service

mapper：

package com.zpark.service.mapper;

import com.zpark.model.Country;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper;

public interface CountryMapper extends Mapper<Country> {
}

service：

package com.zpark.service.services;

import com.zpark.model.Country;

import java.util.List;

public interface CountryService {
    public List<Country> queryAll();
}

ServiceImpl

package com.zpark.service.services;

import com.zpark.model.Country;
import com.zpark.service.mapper.CountryMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class CountryServiceImpl implements CountryService {
    @Autowired
    private  CountryMapper countryMapper;

    @Override
    public List<Country> queryAll() {
        return countryMapper.selectAll();
    }
}

Controller

package com.zpark.service.web;

import com.zpark.model.Country;
import com.zpark.service.services.CountryService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/")
public class ServiceController {
    @Autowired
    CountryService countryService;

    @RequestMapping(value = {"findall"})
    public String findall(){
        final List<Country> countries = countryService.queryAll();
        final StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        for (Country country:countries) {
            stringBuilder.append(country);
        }
        final String string = stringBuilder.toString();
        return string;
    }
}

启动类

package com.zpark.service;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.zpark.service.mapper")
public class ServiceApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ServiceApplication.class,args);
    }
}

• consumer

controller

package com.zpark.consumer.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.DiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/")
public class ConsumerController {
    private String SERVICEURL = "http://localhost:8081/findall";
    @Autowired
    RestTemplate template;

    @RequestMapping("findall")
    public String findAll() {
        //直接调用
        final String template = template.getForObject(SERVICEURL, String.class);
        return template;
    }
}

启动类

package com.zpark.consumer;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class,args);
    }
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

4、测试

• 先启动service在启动consumer，在网页上访问http://localhost:8083/findall，网页显示所有查询结果。