1.环境搭建
2.配置DispatcherServlet
DispatcherServlet是SpringMVC统一的入口,它也是一个Servlet,所有的请求都通过它。DispatcherServlet 是前端控制器,配置在web.xml文件中,Servlet依自已定义的具体规则拦截匹配的请求,分发到目标Controller来处理。
<!--1.注册DispatcherServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--关联一个springmvc的配置文件:【servlet-name】-servlet.xml-->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!--启动级别-1-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!--/ 匹配所有的请求;(不包括.jsp)-->
<!--/* 匹配所有的请求;(包括.jsp)-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
3.编写Springmvc的配置文件springmvc-servlet.xml
3.1 BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping
处理器映射,根据请求映射到相应的处理器名称返回
3.2 SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter
处理器适配器,根据返回的处理器名称找到相应的处理器
3.3 InternalResourceViewResolver
视图解析器,自动装配全路径
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!---->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--前缀-->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!--后缀-->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
4.编写Controller类(需实现Controller接口)
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
//注意:这里我们先导入Controller接口
public class HelloController implements Controller {
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//ModelAndView 模型和视图
ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
//封装对象,放在ModelAndView中。Model
mv.addObject("msg","HelloSpringMVC!");
//封装要跳转的视图,放在ModelAndView中
mv.setViewName("hello"); //: /WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp
return mv;
}
}
5.在Springmvc的配置文件springmvc-servlet.xml中注册bean
<!--Handler-->
<bean id="/hello" class="com.controller.HelloController"/>
6.测试
启动服务器:
结果: