python---线性拟合

1、线性拟合-使用math

import math
def linefit(x,y):
    N=float(len(x))
    sx,sy,sxx,syy,sxy=0,0,0,0,0
    for i in range(0,int(N)):
        sx+= x[i]
        sy+= y[i]
        sxx+= x[i]*x[i]
        syy+= y[i]*y[i]
        sxy+= x[i]*y[i]
    a = (sy*sx/N -sxy)/( sx*sx/N -sxx)
    b = (sy - a*sx)/N
    r = abs(sy*sx/N-sxy)/math.sqrt((sxx-sx*sx/N)*(syy-sy*sy/N))
    return a,b,r

if __name__ == '__main__':
    X=[ 1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ,5 ,6]
    Y=[ 2.5 ,3.51 ,4.45 ,5.52 ,6.47 ,7.51]
    a,b,r=linefit(X,Y)
    print("X=",X)
    print("Y=",Y)
    print("拟合结果:y=%10.5f x +%10.5f, r=%10.5f" % (a,b,r) )

2、线性拟合-使用numpy

import numpy as np

X=[1,2,3,4,5,6]
Y=[2.5,3.51,4.45,5.52,6.47,7.51]

z1=np.polyfit(X,Y,1) #一次多项式拟合，相当于线性拟合
p1=np.poly1d(z1)

print(z1)
print(p1)

import numpy as np

x=[1,2,3,4,5,6]
y=[2.5,3.51,4.45,5.52,6.47,7.51]

z1=np.polyfit(x,y,2) #二次拟合
p1=np.poly1d(z1)

print(z1)
print(p1)

Y=[]

for i in x:
    x1=z1[0]*i*i
    x2=z1[1]*i
    x3=x1+x2+z1[2]
    Y.append(x3)

print(np.allclose(y,Y))

plt.figure()
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.plot(x,Y)
plt.legend(labels=['the real line','the fitted curve'])
plt.show()