安卓基础练习--Activity

概述

通过这个小练习巩固Activity跳转知识.

先上丑陋的界面…

界面实现代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context=".Activity.send"
        android:orientation="vertical">

    <EditText
            android:id="@+id/et_number"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="请输入电话号码" />

    <EditText
            android:id="@+id/et_message"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="请输入短信内容" />

    <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content">

        <Button
                android:id="@+id/btn_number"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:text="打电话" />

        <Button
                android:id="@+id/btn_message"
                android:layout_width="0dp"
                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                android:text="发短信" />

    </LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>

实现功能

1. 短按启动拨号界面

2.长按打电话

3.短按启动短信编辑界面

4.长按发短信

测试这个需要两个模拟器,而我比较懒,有兴趣的同学可以测一测…

主体实现代码

public class send extends AppCompatActivity {
    private EditText mNumberEt;
    private EditText mMessageEt;
    private Button mBtnCall;
    private Button mBtnSend;
    //打电话权限请求码
    private static final int CALL_PHONE_REQUEST_CODE = 1;
    //发短信权限请求码
    private static final int SEND_MESSAGE_REQUEST_CODE = 2;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_send);
        //初始化控件
        init();
        //点击启动拨号界面
        mBtnCall.setOnClickListener(v -> {
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_DIAL);
            String number = mNumberEt.getText().toString();
            intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:" + number));
            startActivity(intent);
        });
        //点击启动编辑短信界面
        mBtnSend.setOnClickListener(v -> {
            Intent intent = new Intent();
            intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);
            String number = mNumberEt.getText().toString();
            String message = mMessageEt.getText().toString();
            intent.setData(Uri.parse("smsto:" + number));
            intent.putExtra("sms_body", message);
            startActivity(intent);
        });
        // 长按打电话
        mBtnCall.setOnLongClickListener(v -> {
            String number = mNumberEt.getText().toString();
            Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:" + number);
            if (checkCallPermission()) {
                call();
            } else {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE}, CALL_PHONE_REQUEST_CODE);
            }
            //表示此事件已经被消费,不会触发点击事件.如果不返回true,则当长按松手后会触发onClick事件.
            return true;
        });
        // 长按发短信
        mBtnSend.setOnLongClickListener(v -> {
            if (checkSMSPermission()) {
                sendMessage();
            } else {
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS}, SEND_MESSAGE_REQUEST_CODE);
            }
            return true;
        });
    }
    //Android6.0后运行时权限引入,不仅需要在Manifest中添加对应权限, 还需要进行对应权限的动态申请.
    private boolean checkCallPermission() {
        return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE)
                == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
    }

    private boolean checkSMSPermission() {
        return ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS)
                == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
    }

    private void call() {
        String number = mNumberEt.getText().toString();
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:" + number);
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
        intent.setData(uri);
        startActivity(intent);
    }

    private void sendMessage() {
        SmsManager manager = SmsManager.getDefault();
        String number = mNumberEt.getText().toString();
        String message = mMessageEt.getText().toString();
        //后两个参数用来设置短信回执.
        manager.sendTextMessage(number, null, message, null, null);
    }
    
    //ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission()的回调方法, 每次调用checkSelfPermission都会调用此方法.
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        switch (requestCode) {
            case CALL_PHONE_REQUEST_CODE:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    call();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "您拒绝了拨打电话权限,无法拨打电话!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
            case SEND_MESSAGE_REQUEST_CODE:
                if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                    sendMessage();
                } else {
                    Toast.makeText(this, "您拒绝了发送短信权限,无法发送短信!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    private void init() {
        mNumberEt = findViewById(R.id.et_number);
        mMessageEt = findViewById(R.id.et_message);
        mBtnCall = findViewById(R.id.btn_number);
        mBtnSend = findViewById(R.id.btn_message);
    }
}

很简单的一个小Demo, 唯一需要注意的点就是如果不申请运行时权限长按发短信和长按打电话会报异常.