整合SSM
环境要求
- IDEA
- MySQL 5.7.29
- Tomcat 8
- Manen 3.6
要求:
熟练掌握 MySQL 数据库,Spring,Javaweb 以及 mybatis 知识,简单的前端知识;
数据库环境
创建一个存放书籍数据库表
CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`
USE `ssmbuild`
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`
CREATE TABLE `books`(
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'mysql',20,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢');
搭建基本环境
- 新建一个 Maven 项目!
- 导入相关的 pom 依赖
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.8.13</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
- Maven资源过滤设置
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
- 建立基本结构和配置框架!
- com.kaung.pojo
- com.kuang.dao
- com.kuang.service
- com.kuang.controller
- mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
</configuration>
- applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
</beans>
Mybatis 层编写
- 数据库配置文件 database.properties
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?serverTimezone=UTC&userSSL=true&userUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username=root
password=li12345
- IDEA关联数据库
- 编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--配置数据源,交给Spring去做-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.kuang.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper"></mapper>
</mappers>
</configuration>
- 编写数据库对应的实体类 com.kuang.pojo.Books,使用 lombok 插件!
package com.kuang.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
- 编写 Dao 层的 Mapper 接口!
package com.kuang.dao;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
// 增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
// 删除一本书
int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
// 更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
// 查询一本书
Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
// 查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
//
Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
}
- 编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入 MyBatis 的包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.kuang.dao.BookMapper">
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName, bookCounts, detail)
values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail})
</insert>
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookId}
</delete>
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update ssmbuild.books
set bookName = #{bookName}, bookCounts = #{bookCounts}, detail = #{detail}
where bookID = #{bookID}
</update>
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
where bookID = #{bookId}
</select>
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books
</select>
<select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
select * from ssmbuild.books where bookName = #{bookName}
</select>
</mapper>
- 编写 Service 层的接口和实现类
接口:
package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
// 增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
// 删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int id);
// 更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
// 查询一本书
Books queryBookById(int id);
// 查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
//
Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
}
实现类:
package com.kuang.service;
import com.kuang.dao.BookMapper;
import com.kuang.pojo.Books;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
// service 调 dao层 组合 Dao
@Autowired
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
@Override
public int addBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.addBook(books);
}
@Override
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
@Override
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
@Override
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
@Override
public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {
return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);
}
}
OK,到此,第层需求操作编写完毕!
Spring 层
1. 配置Spring整合MyBatis,我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池
2. 我们去别写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件;spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1. 关联数据库配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
<!--2. 连接层
c3p0:自动化操作,自动化的加载配置文件,并且可以自动设置到对象重!
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${driver}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"></property>
<property name="user" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
<!--c3p0连接池的私有属性-->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"></property>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"></property>
<!--关闭后不自动commit-->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"></property>
<!--获取连接超时时间-->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"></property>
<!--当获取连接失败重试次数-->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"></property>
</bean>
<!--3. sqlSessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<!--绑定mybatis的配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置dao接口扫描包,动态的时间了dao接口可以注入到Spring容器中!-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!--注入sqlSessionFactory-->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
<!--要扫描的dao包-->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.kuang.dao"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
3. Spring整合service层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!--1. 扫描service下的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.service"></context:component-scan>
<!--2. 将我们的所有业务类,注入到 Spring ,可以通过配置,或者注解实现-->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.kuang.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"></property>
</bean>
<!--3.声明事务配置-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!--注入数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!--4. aop事务支持-->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<aop:pointcut id="txPointCut" expression="execution(* com.kuang.dao.*.*(..))"/>
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointCut"></aop:advisor>
</aop:config>
</beans>
Spring 层搞定,再次理解一下,Spring就是一个大杂烩,一个容器!
SpringMVC层
1. web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--DispatchServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--乱码过滤-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
2. spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1. 注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!--2. 静态资源过滤-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler></mvc:default-servlet-handler>
<!--3. 扫描包:controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.kuang.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!--4. 视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
3. Spring配置整合文件,applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"></import>
<import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"></import>
<import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"></import>
</beans>
配置文件,暂时结束!Controller和视图层编写
1. BookController 类编写,方法一:查询全部书籍
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
// controller 调用 service 层
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService = new BookServiceImpl();
// 查询全部的书籍,并返回到一个书籍展示页面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model){
List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list", list);
return "allBook";
}
}
2. 编写 index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>首页</title>
<style>
a{
text-decoration: none;
color: black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3{
width: 180px;
height: 40px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 40px;
background: skyblue;
border-radius: 5px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">进入书籍页面</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
3. 书籍列表页面 allbook.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>书籍展示</title>
<%--BootStrap 美化界面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<small>书籍列表 —— 显示所有书籍</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="row-md-4 column">
<%--toAddBook--%>
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toAddBook">新增书籍</a>
<a class="btn btn-primary" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">显示全部书籍</a>
</div>
<div class="row-md-4 column">
<%--查询书籍--%>
<form class="form-inline" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/queryBook" method="post" style="float:right;">
<input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍名称">
<input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
</form>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<%--书籍从数据库重查询出来,从这个list中遍历出来:foreach--%>
<tbody>
<c:forEach var="book" items="${list}">
<tr>
<td>${book.bookID}</td>
<td>${book.bookName}</td>
<td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
<td>${book.detail}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/toUpdate?id=${book.bookID}">修改</a> |
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/deleteBook/${book.bookID}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
4. BookController 类编写,方法而:添加书籍
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper(){
return "addBook";
}
// 添加书籍的请求:
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books books){
System.out.println("addBook=>"+books);
bookService.addBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
5 添加书籍页面:addBook.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<%--BootStrap 美化界面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<small>新增书籍</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/addBook" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍名称:</label>
<input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" required/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍数量:</label>
<input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" required/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍描述:</label>
<input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" required/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="form-control" value="添加"/>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
6. BookController 类编写,方法三:修改书籍
@RequestMapping("/toUpdate")
publicString toUpdatePaper(int id, Model model){
Books books = bookService.queryBookById(id);
model.addAttribute("Qbooks", books);
return "updateBook";
}
// 修改书籍
@RequestMapping("/updateBook")
public String updateBook(Books books){
System.out.println("updateBook=>"+books);
bookService.updateBook(books);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
7. 修改书籍页面 updateBook.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
<%--BootStrap 美化界面--%>
<link href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="page-header">
<small>修改书籍</small>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/updateBook" method="post">
<%--出现的问题,我们提交了修改 SQL 请求,但是修改失败,初次考虑,是事务问题,配置完毕事务,依旧失败!--%>
<%--看一下Sql语句,能否执行成功:Sql执行失败,修改未完成--%>
<%--前端传递隐藏域--%>
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" value="${Qbooks.bookID}">
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍名称:</label>
<input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" value="${Qbooks.bookName}" required/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍数量:</label>
<input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" value="${Qbooks.bookCounts}" required/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>书籍描述:</label>
<input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" value="${Qbooks.detail}" required/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="form-control" value="修改"/>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
8. BookController类编写,方法四:删除书籍
@RequestMapping("/deleteBook/{bookId}")
public String deleteBook(@PathVariable("bookId") int id){
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:/book/allBook";
}
配置Tomcat,进行运行!
到目前为止,这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了,可以直接运行进行测试!这个联系十分重要,需要不看任何东西,自己也可以完全的写出来!
项目结构图
小结
SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的,这个只是增删改查的基本操作,学到这,才算是真正的步入了后台开发的门。