百战python01-初识python_turtle绘图

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注：需要对python有基本了解，可查看本作者python基础专栏，有任何问题欢迎私信或评论（本专栏每章内容都将不定期进行内容扩充与更新）

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简介

python简介及方向+pycharm安装使用请转

练习

注：尝试练习。了解第三方库安装与使用

1.简易的进度条

建议使用Windows命令窗口（win+R）,输入cmd即可进入

输入python进入交互界面

输入以下代码：

import time
import tqdm
for i in tqdm.tqdm(range(100)):
time.sleep(0.1)

windows命令窗口界面：

pycharm2023专业版界面：

学习使用turtle在屏幕上绘制图形

turtle是Python内置的一个非常有趣的模块，特别适合对计算机程序设计进行初体验的小伙伴，它最早是Logo语言的一部分，Logo语言是Wally Feurzig和Seymour Papert在1966发明的编程语言。

尝试并了解turtle

import turtle
turtle.pensize(4)#线条粗细
turtle.pencolor(‘red’)#线条颜色
turtle.forward(100)#绘画向前100个单位
turtle.right(90)# 按当前方向右转90°
turtle.forward(100)
turtle.right(90)
turtle.forward(100)
turtle.right(90)
turtle.forward(100)
turtle.mainloop()#保持窗口
绘制一个方形：

“”"
用Python的turtle模块绘制国旗
“”"
import turtle
def draw_rectangle(x, y, width, height):
“”“绘制矩形”“”
turtle.goto(x, y)
turtle.pencolor(‘red’)
turtle.fillcolor(‘red’)
turtle.begin_fill()
for i in range(2):
turtle.forward(width)
turtle.left(90)
turtle.forward(height)
turtle.left(90)
turtle.end_fill()
def draw_star(x, y, radius):
“”“绘制五角星”“”
turtle.setpos(x, y)
pos1 = turtle.pos()
turtle.circle(-radius, 72)
pos2 = turtle.pos()
turtle.circle(-radius, 72)
pos3 = turtle.pos()
turtle.circle(-radius, 72)
pos4 = turtle.pos()
turtle.circle(-radius, 72)
pos5 = turtle.pos()
turtle.color(‘yellow’, ‘yellow’)
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.goto(pos3)
turtle.goto(pos1)
turtle.goto(pos4)
turtle.goto(pos2)
turtle.goto(pos5)
turtle.end_fill()
def main():
“”“主程序”“”
turtle.speed(12)
turtle.penup()
x, y = -270, -180
# 画国旗主体
width, height = 540, 360
draw_rectangle(x, y, width, height)
# 画大星星
pice = 22
center_x, center_y = x + 5 * pice, y + height - pice * 5
turtle.goto(center_x, center_y)
turtle.left(90)
turtle.forward(pice * 3)
turtle.right(90)
draw_star(turtle.xcor(), turtle.ycor(), pice * 3)
x_poses, y_poses = [10, 12, 12, 10], [2, 4, 7, 9]
# 画小星星
for x_pos, y_pos in zip(x_poses, y_poses):
turtle.goto(x + x_pos * pice, y + height - y_pos * pice)
turtle.left(turtle.towards(center_x, center_y) - turtle.heading())
turtle.forward(pice)
turtle.right(90)
draw_star(turtle.xcor(), turtle.ycor(), pice)
# 隐藏海龟
turtle.ht()
# 显示绘图窗口
turtle.mainloop()
if name == ‘main’:
main()

“”"
绘制小猪佩奇
“”"
from turtle import *
def nose(x,y):
“”“画鼻子”“”
penup()
# 将海龟移动到指定的坐标
goto(x,y)
pendown()
# 设置海龟的方向（0-东、90-北、180-西、270-南）
setheading(-30)
begin_fill()
a = 0.4
for i in range(120):
if 0 <= i < 30 or 60 <= i <90:
a = a + 0.08
# 向左转3度
left(3)
# 向前走
forward(a)
else:
a = a - 0.08
left(3)
forward(a)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(25)
setheading(0)
forward(10)
pendown()
# 设置画笔的颜色(红, 绿, 蓝)
pencolor(255, 155, 192)
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160, 82, 45)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(0)
forward(20)
pendown()
pencolor(255, 155, 192)
setheading(10)
begin_fill()
circle(5)
color(160, 82, 45)
end_fill()
def head(x, y):
“”“画头”“”
color((255, 155, 192), “pink”)
penup()
goto(x,y)
setheading(0)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(180)
circle(300, -30)
circle(100, -60)
circle(80, -100)
circle(150, -20)
circle(60, -95)
setheading(161)
circle(-300, 15)
penup()
goto(-100, 100)
pendown()
setheading(-30)
a = 0.4
for i in range(60):
if 0<= i < 30 or 60 <= i < 90:
a = a + 0.08
lt(3) #向左转3度
fd(a) #向前走a的步长
else:
a = a - 0.08
lt(3)
fd(a)
end_fill()
def ears(x,y):
“”“画耳朵”“”
color((255, 155, 192), “pink”)
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(100)
circle(-50, 50)
circle(-10, 120)
circle(-50, 54)
end_fill()
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-12)
setheading(0)
forward(30)
pendown()
begin_fill()
setheading(100)
circle(-50, 50)
circle(-10, 120)
circle(-50, 56)
end_fill()
def eyes(x,y):
“”“画眼睛”“”
color((255, 155, 192), “white”)
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(-20)
setheading(0)
forward(-95)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill()
color(“black”)
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill()
color((255, 155, 192), “white”)
penup()
seth(90)
forward(-25)
seth(0)
forward(40)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(15)
end_fill()
color(“black”)
penup()
setheading(90)
forward(12)
setheading(0)
forward(-3)
pendown()
begin_fill()
circle(3)
end_fill()
def cheek(x,y):
“”“画脸颊”“”
color((255, 155, 192))
penup()
goto(x,y)
pendown()
setheading(0)
begin_fill()
circle(30)
end_fill()
def mouth(x,y):
“”“画嘴巴”“”
color(239, 69, 19)
penup()
goto(x, y)
pendown()
setheading(-80)
circle(30, 40)
circle(40, 80)
def setting():
“”“设置参数”“”
pensize(4)
# 隐藏海龟
hideturtle()
colormode(255)
color((255, 155, 192), “pink”)
setup(840, 500)
speed(10)
def main():
“”“主函数”“”
setting()
nose(-100, 100)
head(-69, 167)
ears(0, 160)
eyes(0, 140)
cheek(80, 10)
mouth(-20, 30)
done()
if name == ‘main’:
main()