6.2排序式检索 词项频率

提示:
信息检索:文档评分-词项权重计算-向量空间模型
 第二部分:词项频率


词项频率

回顾词项文档关联矩阵
在这里插入图片描述

词袋模型

不考虑词项在文档中出现的顺序。如“A is bigger than B”和“B is bigger than A”在词袋模型中是一样的。
显然,这相对于位置索引呢是一种退步。

词项文档计数矩阵

考虑的是词项在文档中出现的次数,区别词项文档关联矩阵(只显示词项在文档中是否存在)。
在这里插入图片描述

词项频率tf

词项t在文档d中出现的次数记作:tft,d
那么如何使用tf来计算评分呢?

采用原始的tf值
但是并不是很合适,如果词项A在文档1中出现10次,而在文档2中只出现一次,文档1比文档2更相关,但是相关度不可能是10倍关系。
相关性不随词项频率成比例增加。

采用tf对数表示
在这里插入图片描述
文档-词项的匹配得分是所有查询和文档中同时出现的词项对数词频之和
在这里插入图片描述

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In this fully updated second edition of the highly acclaimed Managing Gigabytes, authors Witten, Moffat, and Bell continue to provide unparalleled coverage of state-of-the-art techniques for compressing and indexing data. Whatever your field, if you work with large quantities of information, this book is essential reading--an authoritative theoretical resource and a practical guide to meeting the toughest storage and access challenges. It covers the latest developments in compression and indexing and their application on the Web and in digital libraries. It also details dozens of powerful techniques supported by mg, the authors' own system for compressing, storing, and retrieving text, images, and textual images. mg's source code is freely available on the Web. * Up-to-date coverage of new text compression algorithms such as block sorting, approximate arithmetic coding, and fat Huffman coding * New sections on content-based index compression and distributed querying, with 2 new data structures for fast indexing * New coverage of image coding, including descriptions of de facto standards in use on the Web (GIF and PNG), information on CALIC, the new proposed JPEG Lossless standard, and JBIG2 * New information on the Internet and WWW, digital libraries, web search engines, and agent-based retrieval * Accompanied by a public domain system called MG which is a fully worked-out operational example of the advanced techniques developed and explained in the book * New appendix on an existing digital library system that uses the MG software Editorial Reviews Amazon.com Review Of all the tasks programmers are asked to perform, storing, compressing, and retrieving information are some of the most challenging--and critical to many applications. Managing Gigabytes: Compressing and Indexing Documents and Images is a treasure trove of theory, practical illustration, and general discussion in this fascinating technical subject. Ian Witten, Alistair Moffat, and Timothy Bell have

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