HttpClient

** HttpClient的maven坐标：**

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
	<artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
	<version>4.5.13</version>
</dependency>

aliyun-sdk-oss包含了HttpClient相关依赖,只导入aliyun-sdk-oss也可以

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
    <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
</dependency>

HttpClient的核心API：

• HttpClient：Http客户端对象类型，使用该类型对象可发起Http请求。
• HttpClients：可认为是构建器，可创建HttpClient对象。
• CloseableHttpClient：实现类，实现了HttpClient接口。
• HttpGet：Get方式请求类型。
• HttpPost：Post方式请求类型。

HttpClient发送请求步骤：

• 创建HttpClient对象
• 创建Http请求对象
• 调用HttpClient的execute方法发送请求

** 入门案例 **
GET请求和POST请求
** GET请求实现步骤：**

1. 创建HttpClient对象
2. 创建请求对象
3. 发送请求，接受响应结果
4. 解析结果
5. 关闭资源

package com.sky.test;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

@SpringBootTest
public class HttpClientTest {

    /**
     * 测试通过httpclient发送GET方式的请求
     */
    @Test
    public void testGET() throws Exception{
        //创建httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        //创建请求对象
        HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8080/user/shop/status");

        //发送请求，接受响应结果
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpGet);

        //获取服务端返回的状态码
        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        System.out.println("服务端返回的状态码为：" + statusCode);
		
		//解析结果
        HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
        String body = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
        System.out.println("服务端返回的数据为：" + body);

        //关闭资源
        response.close();
        httpClient.close();
    }
}

在访问http://localhost:8080/user/shop/status请求时，需要提前启动项目。

post请求实现步骤

1. 创建HttpClient对象
2. 创建请求对象
3. 发送请求，接收响应结果
4. 解析响应结果
5. 关闭资源

	/**
     * 测试通过httpclient发送POST方式的请求
     */
    @Test
    public void testPOST() throws Exception{
        // 创建httpclient对象
        CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();

        //创建请求对象
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/admin/employee/login");

        JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject.put("username","admin");
        jsonObject.put("password","123456");

        StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(jsonObject.toString());
        //指定请求编码方式
        entity.setContentEncoding("utf-8");
        //数据格式
        entity.setContentType("application/json");
        httpPost.setEntity(entity);

        //发送请求
        CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);

        //解析返回结果
        int statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
        System.out.println("响应码为：" + statusCode);

        HttpEntity entity1 = response.getEntity();
        String body = EntityUtils.toString(entity1);
        System.out.println("响应数据为：" + body);

        //关闭资源
        response.close();
        httpClient.close();
    }