C++(Day4)

c++ 模仿string类

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

//定义类
class myString{
private:
    //用来存储传进来的字符串
    char *str;
    //记录长度
    int size;
public:
    //无参构造用于给对象申请空间
    myString():size(10)
    {
        str =  new char[size];
        cout << "无参构造" << endl;
    }

    //有参构造
    myString(const char *s)
    {
        size = strlen(s);
        str = new char[size + 1];
        strcpy(str, s);

        cout << "有参构造" << endl;
    }

    //拷贝构造
    myString(const myString & other)
    {
        size = other.size;
        str = new char[size + 1];
        strcpy(str, other.str);

        cout << "拷贝构造" << endl;
    }



    //析构函数
    ~myString()
    {
        delete []str;

        cout << "析构函数" << endl;
    }

    //判空函数
    bool empty()
    {
        if(strlen(str) == 0)
        {
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            return false;
        }
    }

    //size函数
    int length()
    {
        return size;
    }

    //c_str函数
    const char * c_str()
    {
        return str;
    }

    //at函数
    char &at(int pos)
    {
        if(pos >= size || pos < 0)
        {
            cout << "段错误" << endl;
        }
        return str[pos];
    }

    //成员函数版实现字符串拷贝：str = s
    //拷贝赋值
    myString &operator= (const myString &other)
    {
        if(this == &other)
        {
            return *this;
        }
        delete []str;
        size = other.size;
        str = new char[size+1];
        strcpy(str, other.str);

        return *this;

        cout << "拷贝赋值" << endl;
    }

    //成员函数实现下标数组：str[pos]
    char &operator[] (int pos)
    {
        if(pos >= size || pos < 0)
        {
            cout << "段错误" << endl;
        }
        return str[pos];
    }

    //成员函数实现strcat功能：重载+
    myString operator+ (const myString &other)
    {
        myString temp;
        delete []temp.str;
        temp.size = size + other.size;
        temp.str = new char[temp.size + 1];
        strcat(temp.str, str);
        strcat(temp.str, other.str);

        return temp;
    }

    //重构==
    bool operator== (const myString &other)
    {
        return str == other.str;
    }

    //重载<<
    friend ostream &operator<< (ostream& L, const myString &R);

    friend istream &operator>> (istream &L, myString &R);

};

//全局函数版实现<<
ostream &operator<< (ostream& L, const myString &R)
{
    L << R.str;

    return L;
}

//重构>>
istream &operator>> (istream &L, myString &R)
{
    if(R.str != NULL)
    {
        delete []R.str;
        R.str = nullptr;
    }
    delete [] R.str;
    char temp[20];
    L >> temp;
    R.str = new char(strlen(temp) + 1);
    strcpy(R.str, temp);

    return L;
}

int main()
{
    //有参构造函数
    myString s1("word");
    cout << "s1 = " << s1.c_str() << endl;
    //拷贝构造函数
    myString s2(s1);
    cout << "s2 = " << s2.c_str() << endl;

    myString s3;
    //拷贝赋值函数
    if(!s3.empty())
    {
        //对等号进行更改了
        s3 = s2;
    }
    cout << "s3.length() = " << s3.length() << endl;
    cout << "s3.c_str() = " << s3.c_str() << endl;
    cout << "s3.at(3) = " << s3.at(3) << endl;

    myString s4("hello");
    cout << "s4[1] = " << s4[1] << endl;
    myString s5;
    s5 = s4 + s1;
    cout << "s5 = " << s5.c_str() << endl;

    cout << s4;

    cin >> s5;
    cout << s5;
    return 0;
}