实现一个简易版的Promise

实现一个简易版的Promise。这个实现涵盖了Promise的基本功能,包括状态管理、then方法、以及异步解析。以下是代码实现:

class MyPromise {
  constructor(executor) {
    this.state = 'pending';
    this.value = undefined;
    this.reason = undefined;
    this.onFulfilledCallbacks = [];
    this.onRejectedCallbacks = [];

    const resolve = (value) => {
      if (this.state === 'pending') {
        this.state = 'fulfilled';
        this.value = value;
        this.onFulfilledCallbacks.forEach(callback => callback(value));
      }
    };

    const reject = (reason) => {
      if (this.state === 'pending') {
        this.state = 'rejected';
        this.reason = reason;
        this.onRejectedCallbacks.forEach(callback => callback(reason));
      }
    };

    try {
      executor(resolve, reject);
    } catch (error) {
      reject(error);
    }
  }

  then(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
    onFulfilled = typeof onFulfilled === 'function' ? onFulfilled : value => value;
    onRejected = typeof onRejected === 'function' ? onRejected : reason => { throw reason };

    return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
      const fulfilledHandler = (value) => {
        try {
          const result = onFulfilled(value);
          resolve(result);
        } catch (error) {
          reject(error);
        }
      };

      const rejectedHandler = (reason) => {
        try {
          const result = onRejected(reason);
          resolve(result);
        } catch (error) {
          reject(error);
        }
      };

      if (this.state === 'fulfilled') {
        setTimeout(() => fulfilledHandler(this.value), 0);
      } else if (this.state === 'rejected') {
        setTimeout(() => rejectedHandler(this.reason), 0);
      } else if (this.state === 'pending') {
        this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push(fulfilledHandler);
        this.onRejectedCallbacks.push(rejectedHandler);
      }
    });
  }
}

这个实现包含以下主要特性:

1. 状态管理: Promise有三种状态 - pending, fulfilled, 和 rejected。
2. 值存储: 保存fulfilled状态的值或rejected状态的原因。
3. then方法: 允许链式调用和异步操作。
4. 回调队列: 当Promise还在pending状态时,存储then中的回调。
5. 异常处理: 捕获执行器和回调中的错误。

使用示例:

const p = new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
  setTimeout(() => {
    resolve('Success!');
  }, 1000);
});

p.then(
  value => console.log(value),
  reason => console.error(reason)
).then(
  () => console.log('This runs after the first then')
);

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