Qt3D模型运动

1. 前言

        这段时间有一个大概类似数字孪生的任务，大概就是一个同事负责采集数据，我负责3d模型的显示，当然刚入职的我自然是什么都不会的。随后，问了下前辈，结果他推荐的方式是qt＋opengl，那我岂不是更不会了。考虑到交付时间比较紧，就打算用qt3d来实现，结果相关方面度娘的资料也很少。最后写的不算完善吧，但是功能大概能用了。就打算记录一下，给后来的人留点东西。

2.基础概念

        首先需要知道的一点小知识，

1.坐标轴

        qt3d的坐标轴，z轴从屏幕穿出指向用户，x轴平行与屏幕指向右手边方向，y轴平行于屏幕指向头顶方向。

2. 模型运动

        模型运动可拆解为：“缩放，平移，旋转”这三种。在代码中缩放与平移这两个一般比较好搞，主要是模型旋转这块。

        旋转这边推荐去看四元数，或许有感觉对实际编写有点用？

演示视频

3.代码

//1.模型头文件
#pragma once

#include <QObject>
#include <qwidget.h>
#include <QtWidgets>
#include <QtGui>
#include <QGuiApplication>
#include <Qt3DCore>
#include <Qt3DExtras>
#include <Qt3DInput>
#include <Qt3DRender>

class MyWidget  : public QWidget
{
	Q_OBJECT

public slots:
	void GetXDataAndYData(float x, float y);
public:
	MyWidget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
	~MyWidget();
private:
	Qt3DExtras::Qt3DWindow* p_window_view_;
	QWidget* p_widget_container_;
	QSize screen_size_;
	Qt3DCore::QEntity* p_entity_root_;
	Qt3DRender::QCamera* p_camera_;
	Qt3DCore::QEntity* p_entity_light_;
	Qt3DRender::QPointLight* p_point_light_;
	Qt3DCore::QTransform* p_transform_light_;
	Qt3DCore::QEntity* p_entity_airplane_;
	Qt3DCore::QEntity* p_entity_lampstand_;
	Qt3DRender::QMesh* p_mesh_;
	Qt3DRender::QMesh* p_mesh_one_;
	Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial* p_material_;
	Qt3DExtras::QFirstPersonCameraController* p_camera_controller_;
	Qt3DCore::QTransform* p_transform_mesh_;
	Qt3DCore::QTransform* p_transform_airplane_;
	QPropertyAnimation* p_animation_;
	QVector3D now_loaction_,next_loaction_;

	QVBoxLayout* p_layout_;
};

//模型实现
#include "mywidget.h"

MyWidget::MyWidget(QWidget *parent): QWidget(parent)
{
	p_window_view_ = new Qt3DExtras::Qt3DWindow();
	p_window_view_->defaultFrameGraph()->setClearColor(Qt::white);

	p_widget_container_ = QWidget::createWindowContainer(p_window_view_);
	screen_size_ = p_window_view_->screen()->size();
	p_widget_container_->setMaximumSize(screen_size_);
	p_widget_container_->setMinimumSize(QSize(200, 100));

	p_entity_root_ = new Qt3DCore::QEntity();


	p_camera_ = p_window_view_->camera();
	p_camera_->lens()->setPerspectiveProjection(45.0, 16.0 / 9.0, 0.1, 1000.0);
	p_camera_->setPosition(QVector3D(0, 0, 10));
	p_camera_->setUpVector(QVector3D(0, 1, 0));
	p_camera_->setViewCenter(QVector3D(0, 0, 0));
	
	p_entity_light_ = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(p_entity_root_);
	p_point_light_ = new Qt3DRender::QPointLight(p_entity_light_);
	
	p_point_light_->setColor(Qt::white);
	p_point_light_->setIntensity(0.8);
	p_entity_light_->addComponent(p_point_light_);

	p_transform_light_ = new Qt3DCore::QTransform(p_entity_root_);
	p_transform_light_->setTranslation(p_camera_->position());
	p_entity_light_->addComponent(p_transform_light_);

	p_entity_airplane_ = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(p_entity_root_);
	p_mesh_ = new Qt3DRender::QMesh();

	p_mesh_->setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile("./res/1.obj"));

	p_entity_airplane_->addComponent(p_mesh_);

	this->p_entity_lampstand_ = new Qt3DCore::QEntity(p_entity_root_);
	p_mesh_one_ = new Qt3DRender::QMesh();

	p_mesh_one_->setSource(QUrl::fromLocalFile("./res/2.obj"));
	p_entity_lampstand_->addComponent(p_mesh_one_);
	
	p_material_ = new Qt3DExtras::QPhongMaterial(p_entity_root_);
	p_material_->setDiffuse(Qt::yellow);
	p_material_->setShininess(0.0);
	p_entity_airplane_->addComponent(p_material_);
	p_entity_lampstand_->addComponent(p_material_);

	p_transform_airplane_ = new Qt3DCore::QTransform(p_entity_root_);

	p_transform_mesh_ = new Qt3DCore::QTransform(p_entity_root_);
	
	now_loaction_.setX(0);
	now_loaction_.setY(1);
	now_loaction_.setZ(0);
	QQuaternion pal = QQuaternion::rotationTo(QVector3D(1, 0, 0), now_loaction_);

	p_transform_airplane_->setScale(0.1);
	p_transform_mesh_->setScale(0.1);
	p_entity_airplane_->addComponent(p_transform_airplane_);


	p_entity_lampstand_->addComponent(p_transform_mesh_);
	p_window_view_->setRootEntity(p_entity_root_);

	p_layout_ = new QVBoxLayout;
	QLineEdit* p_x_pos_, * p_z_pos_;
	p_x_pos_ = new QLineEdit;
	p_z_pos_ = new QLineEdit;
	QPushButton* p_button_ = new QPushButton;
	p_layout_->addWidget(p_widget_container_);
	p_layout_->addWidget(p_x_pos_);
	p_layout_->addWidget(p_z_pos_);
	p_layout_->addWidget(p_button_);
	connect(p_button_, &QPushButton::clicked, this, \
		[=]()\
	{\
		float x = p_x_pos_->text().toFloat(); \
		float z = p_z_pos_->text().toFloat(); \
		if (x * x + z * z <= 1)\
		{\
			float y = sqrt(1 - x * x - z * z); \
			next_loaction_.setX(x); \
			next_loaction_.setY(y); \
			next_loaction_.setZ(z); \
			QQuaternion pal = QQuaternion::rotationTo(QVector3D(0, 1, 0), next_loaction_); \
			now_loaction_ = next_loaction_; \
			p_transform_airplane_->setRotation(pal); \
			p_transform_airplane_->setTranslation(QVector3D(-0.405*x,0.405*(1-y), -0.4*z)); \
		}\
	}\
	);
	this->setLayout(p_layout_);
	this->resize(1200, 800);
	
}
void MyWidget::GetXDataAndYData(float x, float y)
{
	float x_pos = x;
	float z_pos = y;
	if (x_pos * x_pos + z_pos * z_pos <= 1)
	{
		float y_pos = sqrt(1 - x_pos * x_pos - z_pos * z_pos); 
		next_loaction_.setX(x_pos); 
		next_loaction_.setY(y_pos);
		next_loaction_.setZ(z_pos);
		QQuaternion pal = QQuaternion::rotationTo(QVector3D(0, 1, 0), next_loaction_); 

		now_loaction_ = next_loaction_; 
		p_transform_airplane_->setRotation(pal);
	}
}
//记得自己实现析构函数，这里我偷个懒
MyWidget::~MyWidget()
{}

写的很菜，如果有什么不对的地方希望大家斧正。当然如果真要写3d部分还是推荐去看opengl，这个只能算是救急加参考。