JavaScript基础8.对象、构造函数、实例化

8.1对象

对象里的函数叫方法methods
外部的函数就叫函数funciton

var teacher = {
  name: '张三',
  age: 32,
  sex: 'male',
  height: 176,
  weight: 130,
  teach: function(){
    console.log('I am teaching Javascript');
  },
  smoke: function(){
    console.log('I am smoking');
  },
  eat: function(){
    console.log('I am having a dinner');
  } 
}
  teacher.address = '北京';//添加
  teacher.drink = function(){
    console.log('I am drinking beer');
  }
  teacher.drink();
  teacher.teach = function(){//修改
    console.log('I am teaching HTML');
  }

  delete teacher.address;//删除
  delete teacher.teach; 

  console.log(teacher);

在对象里this代表这个对象本身

var attendance = {
  students: [],
  total：6,
  join:function(name){
    this.students.push(name);
    if(this.students.length === this.total){
      console.log(name+'到课，学生已到齐');
    }else{
      console.log(name+'到课，学生未到齐');
    }
  },
  leave: function(name){
    var idx = this.students.indexOf(name);
    if(idx !== -1){
      this.students.splice(idx, 1);
    }
  },
  classOver: function(){
    this.students = [];
    console.log('已下课');
  }
}
attendance.join('张三');
attendance.join('李四');
attendance.leave('张三');

8.2构造函数及实例化

用系统内自带的构造函数

(对象是通过实例化构造函数而得出的对象实例)

var obj = new Object();//和对象字面量相等
obj.name = '张三';
obj.sex = '男士';

自定义构造函数

大驼峰

function Teacher() { // 构造工厂
  this.name = '张三'; // 构造函数执行之前，this 没有生成
  this.sex = '男';
  this.weight = 130;
  this.smoke = function(){
    this.weight--;
    console.log('smoke', this.weight);
  }
  this.eat = function(){
    this.weight++;
    console.log('eat dinner', this.weight);
  }
}

// 只有 new 构造函数了之后才会有实例对象 teacher，这时候才存在this，this谁用就指向谁
var t1 = new Teacher();
var t2 = new Teacher();


t1.name = '李四';
t1.smoke();
t1.smoke();

console.log(t1, t2);

传参方式

function Teacher(opt) {
  this.name = opt.name;
  this.sex = opt.sex;
  this.weight = opt.weight;
  this.smoke = function(){
    this.weight--;
    console.log('smoke', this.weight);
  }
  this.eat = function(){
    this.weight++;
    console.log('eat dinner', this.weight);
  }
}
var t1 = new Teacher({name: '张三', sex: '男', weight: 145});
var t2 = new Teacher({name: '李四', sex: '女', weight: 90});
console.log(t1, t2);

写一个构造函数，接收数字类型的参数，参数数量不定，完成参数相加和相乘的功能

// 方法1
function Compute(){
  var args = arguments,
      res;
  this.add = function(){
    res = 0;
    loop('add', res);
  }
  this.multiply = function(){
    res = 1;
    loop('mul', res);
  }
  function loop(method, res){
    for(var i = 0; i < args.length; i++){
      var item = args[i];
      if(method === 'add'){
        res += item;
      } else if(method === 'mul'){
        res *= item;
      }
    }
    console.log(res);
  }
}

var compute = new Compute(3, 4, 5);
compute.add();
compute.multiply();

// 方法2
function Compute(){
  var res = 0;
  this.add = function(){
    loop(arguments, 'add', res);
  }
  this.multiply = function(){
    res = 1;
    loop(arguments, 'mul', res);
  }
  function loop(args, method, res){
    for(var i = 0; i < args.length; i++){
      var item = args[i];
      if(method === 'add'){
        res += item;
      } else if(method === 'mul'){
        res *= item;
      }
    }
    console.log(res);
  }
}

var compute = new Compute();
compute.add(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
compute.multiply(8, 5);

写一个构造车的函数，可设置车的品牌，颜色，排量，写一个构造消费者的函数，设置用户的名字，年龄，收入，通过选择的方法实例化该用户喜欢的车，再设置车的属性

function Car(opt) {
  this.brand = opt.brand;
  this.color = opt.color;
  this.consumption = opt.consumption;
}

function Person(opt) {
  this.name = opt.name;
  this.age = opt.age;
  this.income = opt.income;
  this.selectCar = function(){
    var myCar = new Car(opt.carOpt);
    console.log(this.name + '挑选了一辆排量为'
                + myCar.consumption + '的' + myCar.color
                + myCar.brand);
  }
  
}

var jone = new Person({
  name: 'Jone',
  age: 28,
  income: '20k',
  carOpt: {
      brand: '马自达',
      color: 'white',
      consumption: '2.0'
    }
});
jone.selectCar();
console.log(jone);