登陆注册加入验证码

验证码

1.作用

• 防止暴力攻击，前端安全保障

2.第一步

导入jar包

  <!-- 验证码认证的依赖-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.github.penggle</groupId>
      <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.2</version>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

3.第二步

声明验证码组件
拿来吧你（在web.xml中配置）

  <!--验证码 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>cap</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.google.code.kaptcha.servlet.KaptchaServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>kaptcha.border</param-name>
      <param-value>no</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.length</param-name>
      <param-value>4</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>kaptcha.textproducer.char.string</param-name>
      <param-value>abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>kaptcha.background.clear.to</param-name>
      <param-value>211,229,237</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <!-- session.setAttribute("captcha","验证码") -->
      <param-name>kaptcha.session.key</param-name>
      <param-value>captcha</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>cap</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/captcha</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

4.第三步
Page页面

图片

<img src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/captcha" style="width:85px" id="cap"/>

点击刷新

<script>
    $("#cap").click(function(){
        //刷新验证码
        path = $(this).attr("src")+"?"+new Date().getTime();
        $(this).attr("src",path);
    });
</script>

5.不用xml配置文件，配置类写法

@Configuration
public class KaptchaConfig {

    @Bean
    public DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha(){
        DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        //1.边框
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.border","no");
        //2.生成验证码的位数
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.length","4");
        //3.验证码的范围
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.textproducer.char.string","abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789");
        //4.验证码的颜色
        properties.setProperty("kaptcha.background.clear.to","211,229,237");

        Config config=new Config(properties);
        defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);
        return defaultKaptcha;

    }
}

controller层

@Controller
public class KaptchaController {

    @Autowired
    DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha;

    @RequestMapping("/getCode")
    public void getCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
        //
        byte[] captchaChallengeAsJpeg = null;
        ByteArrayOutputStream jpegOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        String text = defaultKaptcha.createText();
        //将生成的验证码放置到session中
        request.getSession().setAttribute("kaptcha",text);
        BufferedImage image = defaultKaptcha.createImage(text);
        try {
            ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", jpegOutputStream);
            captchaChallengeAsJpeg = jpegOutputStream.toByteArray();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        //定义response输出类型为image/jpeg类型，使用response输出流输出图片的byte数组
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");
        response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
        ServletOutputStream responseOutputStream =response.getOutputStream();
        responseOutputStream.write(captchaChallengeAsJpeg);
        responseOutputStream.flush();
        responseOutputStream.close();
    }

}