字典-----Python

字典结构：XXX={'A':'bbb' , 'B':'ccc' }

访问字典中的值 :字典名[ 'A']

# Finding out the meaning of the word marathon
# dictionary[key]
webstersDict = {'person': 'a human being, whether an adult or child', 'marathon': 'a running race that is about 26 miles', 'resist': ' to remain strong against the force or effect of (something)', 'run': 'to move with haste; act quickly'}
webstersDict['marathon']


#输出：
'a running race that is about 26 miles'

更新字典 ：

添加：

solution 1：字典名['C']='qwwe'

solution 2：字典名.update({ '   '})

删除：

del 字典名['C']

# add one new key value pair to dictionary
webstersDict['shoe'] = 'an external covering for the human foot'

# return the value for the 'shoe' key
webstersDict



#输出：
{'person': 'a human being, whether an adult or child',
 'marathon': 'a running race that is about 26 miles',
 'resist': ' to remain strong against the force or effect of (something)',
 'run': 'to move with haste; act quickly',
 'shoe': 'an external covering for the human foot'}

# update method, update or add more than key value pair at a time 
webstersDict.update({'shirt': 'a long- or short-sleeved garment for the upper part of the body'
                     , 'shoe': 'an external covering for the human foot, usually of leather and consisting of a more or less stiff or heavy sole and a lighter upper part ending a short distance above, at, or below the ankle.'})
webstersDict\


#输出：
{'person': 'a human being, whether an adult or child',
 'marathon': 'a running race that is about 26 miles',
 'resist': ' to remain strong against the force or effect of (something)',
 'run': 'to move with haste; act quickly',
 'shoe': 'an external covering for the human foot, usually of leather and consisting of a more or less stiff or heavy sole and a lighter upper part ending a short distance above, at, or below the ankle.',
 'shirt': 'a long- or short-sleeved garment for the upper part of the body'}

del webstersDict['resist']
print(webstersDict,'\n')


#输出：
{'person': 'a human being, whether an adult or child', 'marathon': 'a running race that is about 26 miles', 'run': 'to move with haste; act quickly', 'shoe': 'an external covering for the human foot, usually of leather and consisting of a more or less stiff or heavy sole and a lighter upper part ending a short distance above, at, or below the ankle.', 'shirt': 'a long- or short-sleeved garment for the upper part of the body'} 

 使用get（）方法返回给定键的值

storyCount = {'is': 100, 'the': 90, 'Michael': 12, 'runs': 5}
print(storyCount.get('is'))
print(storyCount.get('the',9))
print(storyCount.get('th',90))


#输出：
100
90
90

删除键，但同时可以返回值 ：

.pop()

count = storyCount.pop('the')
print(count)


#输出：
90

遍历字典：

solution 1：返回key直接print（字典名.key（））   返回value直接print（字典名.value（））

solution 2：for key in 字典名 如何输出key

solution 3： for key, value in 字典名.items():   然后两个都输出

# return keys in dictionary
print(storyCount.keys())

# return values in dictionary
print(storyCount.values())


#输出：
['is', 'runs', 'Michael']
[100, 5, 12]

# iterate through keys
for key in storyCount: 
    print(key)


#输出：
is
runs
Michael

# iterate through keys and values
for key, value in webstersDict.items():
    print(key, value)

#输出：
('person', 'a human being, whether an adult or child')
('run', 'to move with haste; act quickly')
('shoe', 'an external covering for the human foot, usually of leather and consisting of a more or less stiff or heavy sole and a lighter upper part ending a short distance above, at, or below the ankle.')
('marathon', 'a running race that is about 26 miles')
('shirt', 'a long- or short-sleeved garment for the upper part of the body')